{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:32:05Z","timestamp":1791347525586,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> Deep molecular response (MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup>) defines a subgroup of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who may stay in unmaintained remission after treatment discontinuation. It is unclear how many patients achieve MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> under different treatment modalities and whether MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> predicts survival. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Patients from the randomized CML-Study IV were analyzed for confirmed MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> which was defined as \u2265 4.5 log reduction of BCR-ABL on the international scale (IS) and determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in two consecutive analyses. Landmark analyses were performed to assess the impact of MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> on survival. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Of 1,551 randomly assigned patients, 1,524 were assessable. After a median observation time of 67.5 months, 5-year overall survival (OS) was 90%, 5-year progression-free-survival was 87.5%, and 8-year OS was 86%. The cumulative incidence of MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> after 9 years was 70% (median, 4.9 years); confirmed MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> was 54%. MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> was reached more quickly with optimized high-dose imatinib than with imatinib 400 mg\/day (P = .016). Independent of treatment approach, confirmed MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> at 4 years predicted significantly higher survival probabilities than 0.1% to 1% IS, which corresponds to complete cytogenetic remission (8-year OS, 92% v 83%; P = .047). High-dose imatinib and early major molecular remission predicted MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup>. No patient with confirmed MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> has experienced progression. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> MR<jats:sup>4.5<\/jats:sup> is a new molecular predictor of long-term outcome, is reached by a majority of patients treated with imatinib, and is achieved more quickly with optimized high-dose imatinib, which may provide an improved therapeutic basis for treatment discontinuation in CML. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.49.9020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,3]],"date-time":"2013-12-03T05:09:54Z","timestamp":1386047394000},"page":"415-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":270,"title":["Deep Molecular Response Is Reached by the Majority of Patients Treated With Imatinib, Predicts Survival, and Is Achieved More Quickly by Optimized High-Dose Imatinib: Results From the Randomized CML-Study IV"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Hehlmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin C.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lauseker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Hanfstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Fabarius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Proetel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Pletsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. 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M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Haferlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Schnittger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Einsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Dengler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Falge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lothar","family":"Kanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kneba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Stegelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Pfreundschuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius F.","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Spiekermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. 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M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Ehninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Heim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Heimpel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Nerl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. M\u00fcller, Benjamin Hanfstein, Alice Fabarius, Annette Schreiber, Ulrike Proetel, Nadine Pletsch, Susanne Sau\u00dfele, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Mannheim Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Mannheim der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, Mannheim; Jolanta Dengler Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg; Michael Lauseker, Markus Pfirrmann, Joerg Hasford, Institut f\u00fcr Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t; Christoph Nerl, St\u00e4dtisches Klinikum..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan W.","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R\u00fcdiger Hehlmann, Martin C. 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