{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:03:38Z","timestamp":1790190218568,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> Findings on the association between risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the duration and type of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer (PCa) are inconsistent. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> By using data on filled drug prescriptions in Swedish national health care registers, we investigated the risk of CVD in a cohort of 41,362 men with PCa on ADT compared with an age-matched, PCa-free comparison cohort (n = 187,785) by use of multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> From 2006 to 2012, 10,656 men were on antiandrogens (AA), 26,959 were on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, and 3,747 underwent surgical orchiectomy. CVD risk was increased in men on GnRH agonists compared with the comparison cohort (hazard ratio [HR] of incident CVD, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.25; and orchiectomy: HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.25). Men with PCa on AA were at decreased risk (HR of incident CVD, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.91). CVD risk was highest during the first 6 months of ADT in men who experienced two or more cardiovascular events before therapy, with an HR of CVD during the first 6 months of GnRH agonist therapy of 1.91 (95% CI, 1.66 to 2.20), an HR of CVD with AA of 1.60 (95% CI, 1.24 to 2.06), and an HR of CVD with orchiectomy of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.16 to 2.76) versus the comparison cohort. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> Our results support that there should be a solid indication for ADT in men with PCa so that benefit outweighs potential harm; this is of particular importance among men with a recent history of CVD. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2014.59.1792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T04:02:58Z","timestamp":1425355378000},"page":"1243-1251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["Risk and Timing of Cardiovascular 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