{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:52:01Z","timestamp":1789606321671,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> Despite advances in childhood cancer care, some patients die soon after diagnosis. This population is not well described and may be under-reported. Better understanding of risk factors for early death and scope of the problem could lead to prevention of these occurrences and thus better survival rates in childhood cancer. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> We retrieved data from SEER 13 registries on 36,337 patients age 0 to 19 years diagnosed with cancer between 1992 and 2011. Early death was defined as death within 1 month of diagnosis. Socioeconomic status data for each individual\u2019s county of residence were derived from Census 2000. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and corresponding 95% CIs were estimated for the association between early death and demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Percentage of early death in the period was 1.5% (n = 555). Children with acute myeloid leukemia, infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia, hepatoblastoma, and malignant brain tumors had the highest risk of early death. On multivariable analysis, an age younger than 1 year was a strong predictor of early death in all disease groups examined. Black race and Hispanic ethnicity were both risk factors for early death in multiple disease groups. Residence in counties with lower than median average income was associated with a higher risk of early death in hematologic malignancies. Percentages of early death decreased significantly over time, especially in hematologic malignancies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> Risk factors for early death in childhood cancer include an age younger than 1 year, specific diagnoses, minority race and ethnicity, and disadvantaged socioeconomic status. The population-based disease-specific percentages of early death were uniformly higher than those reported in cooperative clinical trials, suggesting that early death is under-reported in the medical literature. Initiatives to identify those at risk and develop preventive interventions should be prioritized. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2016.70.3249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T09:51:55Z","timestamp":1491385915000},"page":"1320-1327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Death Within 1 Month of Diagnosis in Childhood Cancer: An Analysis of Risk Factors and Scope of the Problem"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Adam L.","family":"Green","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam L. Green, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado\/University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Elissa Furutani, Dana-Farber\/Boston Children\u2019s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Carlos Rodriguez Galindo, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and Karina Braga Ribeiro, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elissa","family":"Furutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam L. Green, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado\/University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Elissa Furutani, Dana-Farber\/Boston Children\u2019s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Carlos Rodriguez Galindo, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and Karina Braga Ribeiro, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina Braga","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam L. Green, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado\/University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Elissa Furutani, Dana-Farber\/Boston Children\u2019s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Carlos Rodriguez Galindo, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and Karina Braga Ribeiro, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Rodriguez Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adam L. Green, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado\/University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Elissa Furutani, Dana-Farber\/Boston Children\u2019s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Carlos Rodriguez Galindo, St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; and Karina Braga Ribeiro, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20006"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-004-1425-x"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-911X(200005)34:5<343::AID-MPO5>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-009-9367-2"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.12-7-816"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27684"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24745"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15513815.2012.721480"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24865"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.2360"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089482"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steliarova-Foucher E, Stiller C, Lacour B, et al: International Classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition. 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