{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T05:33:28Z","timestamp":1793252008396,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"35","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postconsolidation immunotherapy including dinutuximab, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-2 improved outcomes for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma enrolled on the randomized portion of Children's Oncology Group study ANBL0032. After random assignment ended, all patients were assigned to immunotherapy. Survival and toxicities were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with a pre-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) response (excluding bone marrow) of partial response or better were eligible. Demographics, stage, tumor biology, pre-ASCT response, and adverse events were summarized using descriptive statistics. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) from time of enrollment (up to day +200 from last ASCT) were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2009 to 2015, 1,183 patients were treated. Five-year EFS and OS for the entire cohort were 61.1 \u00b1 1.9% and 71.9 \u00b1 1.7%, respectively. For patients \u2265 18 months old at diagnosis with International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage 4 disease (n = 662) 5-year EFS and OS were 57.0 \u00b1 2.4% and 70.9 \u00b1 2.2%, respectively. EFS was superior for patients with complete response\/very good partial response pre-ASCT compared with those with PR (5-year EFS: 64.2 \u00b1 2.2% v 55.4 \u00b1 3.2%, P = .0133); however, OS was not significantly different. Allergic reactions, capillary leak, fever, and hypotension were more frequent during interleukin-2\u2013containing cycles than granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor\u2013containing cycles ( P &lt; .0001). EFS was superior in patients with higher peak dinutuximab levels during cycle 1 ( P = .034) and those with a high affinity FCGR3A genotype ( P = .0418). Human antichimeric antibody status did not correlate with survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of a cohort assigned to immunotherapy after cessation of random assignment on ANBL0032 confirmed previously described survival and toxicity outcomes. EFS was highest among patients with end-induction complete response\/very good partial response. Among patients with available data, higher dinutuximab levels and FCGR3A genotype were associated with superior EFS. These may be predictive biomarkers for dinutuximab therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.21.02478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T19:59:28Z","timestamp":1657915168000},"page":"4107-4118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Outcomes Following GD2-Directed Postconsolidation Therapy for Neuroblastoma After Cessation of Random Assignment on ANBL0032: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"40","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00026312","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9658-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ami V.","family":"Desai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew 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