{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:11:19Z","timestamp":1792714279480,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"26","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p> Immunotherapies have shown limited responses in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Recently, we reported that dendritic cell (DC)\u2013based immunotherapy induced T-cell responses against pancreatic cancer antigens. The primary objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy to prevent recurrence of disease. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p> This was a single-center, open-label, single-arm, combined phase I\/II trial. The primary end point was the 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate. A 2-year RFS rate of \u226560% was defined as a clinically meaningful improvement. We included patients with pancreatic cancer after resection and completion of standard-of-care (SOC) treatment without recurrent disease on cross-sectional imaging. Patients were treated with autologous DCs pulsed with an allogeneic mesothelioma tumor cell lysate, comprising antigens also expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p> Thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis of the primary end point (47% male, 53% female). The median age was 62 years (IQR, 55-68). Twenty-eight patients (74%) received five DC vaccinations and completed the study protocol. Three patients (8%) received four vaccinations, and seven patients (16%) received three vaccinations. After a median follow-up of 25.5 months, 26 patients (68%) had not developed recurrence of disease. The estimated 2-year RFS was 64%. Vaccination led to the enrichment of circulating activated CD4+ T cells and the detection of treatment-induced immune responses in vitro. T-cell receptor-sequencing analyses of a resected solitary lung metastasis showed influx of vaccine-specific T cells. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study reached its primary end point of a 2-year RFS rate of \u226560% following pancreatectomy after SOC treatment and adjuvant DC-based immunotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. These results warrant a future randomized trial. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.23.02585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T19:59:14Z","timestamp":1719863954000},"page":"3083-3093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Dendritic Cell\u2013Based Immunotherapy in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"42","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"2018-003222-92","registry":"10.18810\/euctr"}],"author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1990-9672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freek R.","family":"van \u2018t Land","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Willemsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3452-6771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koen","family":"Bezemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amphera B.V., \u2019S-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sjoerd H.","family":"van der Burg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7223-4565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thierry P.P.","family":"van den Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michail","family":"Doukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine","family":"Fellah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2139-637X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. 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