{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T08:28:34Z","timestamp":1782203314505,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Continuous use of antiangiogenic agents has demonstrated survival benefits in various cancers. This trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab plus irinotecan with irinotecan monotherapy as a third- or later-line treatment for patients with advanced or recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal cancer (AGC) that has progressed on previous ramucirumab-based chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Patients age 20 years and older with AGC, who had experienced disease progression during ramucirumab-based chemotherapy, were randomly assigned to receive either ramucirumab plus irinotecan or irinotecan monotherapy. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) expecting a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.77 (a power of 80% and a significance level of one-sided 0.05). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, disease control rate (DCR), and safety.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Between February 2017 and August 2022, 402 patients in Japan were randomly assigned to receive ramucirumab plus irinotecan (n = 202) or irinotecan monotherapy (n = 200). The median OS was 9.4 months in the combination arm and 8.5 months in the monotherapy arm, with an adjusted HR of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.12;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .49). PFS was improved (median, 3.8\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">v<\/jats:italic>\n              2.8 months; HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.89];\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .002), while the DCR was significantly better (64.4%\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">v<\/jats:italic>\n              52.1%;\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .03) with the combination therapy. The adverse events of the combination therapy were manageable.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Adding ramucirumab to irinotecan does not provide a significant advantage in OS over irinotecan alone in patients with AGC who have progressed during ramucirumab-containing chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.24.01119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T19:59:25Z","timestamp":1748030365000},"page":"2196-2207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Randomized Phase III Trial of Ramucirumab Beyond Progression Plus Irinotecan in Patients With Ramucirumab-Refractory Advanced Gastric Cancer: RINDBeRG Trial"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9436-7553","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Sakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan"},{"name":"Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9923-5309","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shigenori","family":"Kadowaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryohei","family":"Kawabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3881-9815","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, 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