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Because of the difficulty of discerning parathyroid carcinoma from adenoma preoperatively, the diagnosis of carcinoma is often made only after parathyroidectomy. The goals of surgery are resection with negative margins because surgery represents the only opportunity for cure. Adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy or external beam radiation has not been proven to affect disease-free or overall survival for these patients. Recurrence is common, with reoperation recommended for resectable recurrent disease. Palliation with calcimimetic pharmacotherapy can aid with management of symptomatic hypercalcemia in recurrent or persistent disease after parathyroidectomy. Ultimately, patients succumb to sequelae of hypercalcemia rather than tumor burden. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jop.19.00540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T20:59:11Z","timestamp":1581368351000},"page":"17-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Contemporary Evaluation and Management of Parathyroid Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Abbey L.","family":"Fingeret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"b1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22599"},{"key":"b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.60.4.331","volume":"60","author":"Hakaim AG","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J 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