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However, deployment of these assays has been challenging for oncologists and pathologists alike.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>To address these issues, ASCO and the College of American Pathologists convened a virtual Predictive Factor Summit from September 14 to 15, 2021. Representatives from the academic community, US Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, National Institutes of Health, health insurance organizations, pharmaceutical companies, in vitro diagnostics manufacturers, and patient advocate organizations presented state-of-the-art predictive factors for ICI, associated problems, and possible solutions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Summit provided an overview of the challenges and opportunities for improvement in assay execution, interpretation, and clinical applications of programmed death ligand-1, microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficient, and tumor mutational burden-high for ICI therapies, as well as issues related to regulation, reimbursement, and next-generation ICI biomarker development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Summit concluded with a plan to generate a joint ASCO\/College of American Pathologists strategy for consideration of future research in each of these areas to improve tumor biomarker tests for ICI therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/po.22.00454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T20:59:12Z","timestamp":1669755552000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Proceedings From the ASCO\/College of American Pathologists Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Predictive Biomarker Summit"],"prefix":"10.1200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3620-7575","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2535-5847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Roy 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