{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T04:34:53Z","timestamp":1772685293820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p> In a previously reported randomized Southeastern Cancer Study Group (SECSG) trial, three cycles of chemotherapy were found to be equivalent to four cycles in patients with favorable-prognosis germ-cell cancer. We have conducted a follow-up analysis of patients treated at Indiana University (Indianapolis, IN) to compare long-term survival between the two groups and to examine factors associated with survival. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p> Sixty-nine patients with minimal-stage and 49 patients with moderate-stage disseminated germ-cell tumors were randomized to either three or four courses of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) administered every 3 weeks. Median follow-up time is 10.1 years (range, 7 months to 12.6 years). Ninety-two percent of patients have an actual follow-up time of &gt; 5 years, and 97.5% of patients have an actual follow-up time of &gt; 3 years. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p> Survival analysis shows no significant difference between the two treatment groups in terms of overall (P = .80) or disease-free (P = .93) survival. Several clinical variables were examined by univariate analysis; only serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) had an impact on survival. There were two disease-related deaths in 104 patients with HCG &lt; or = 1,000 mIU\/mL and five disease-related deaths in 14 patients with HCG greater than 1,000 mIU\/mL (P &lt; .001). Ninety-eight percent (95% CI, 95.2 to 100) of patients with favorable prognosis germ-cell tumor with an initial HCG of &lt; or = 1,000 mIU\/mL are alive without evidence of disease at 5+ years. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p> With long-term follow-up, there is no statistically significant difference in survival between three or four cycles of BEP chemotherapy in patients with favorable prognosis germ-cell carcinoma. Serum HCG elevation of greater than 1,000 mIU\/mL is a significant predictor of poor outcome in patients with otherwise good-risk disease. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.1998.16.2.702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T10:08:03Z","timestamp":1487930883000},"page":"702-706","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["Long-term follow-up of a phase III study of three versus four cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in favorable-prognosis germ-cell tumors: the Indian University experience."],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"S B","family":"Saxman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Finch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Gonin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L H","family":"Einhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"233","container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.2.702","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T22:18:37Z","timestamp":1653517117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.2.702"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.2.702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.1998.16.2.702","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,2]]}}}