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The simulation's sentence\u2010level parser and text integration component reflect the importance of processing the problem from its original natural language presentation. Children's probability of solution was analyzed in exploratory regression analyses as a function of the simulation's sentence\u2010level and text integration processes. Working memory variables measuring the combined effects of concepts to remember and text integration inferences account for a significant proportion of variance in children's solution probabilities across the first four grade levels (K\u20103). Consistent with previous results from others, which highlighted the significance of small changes in problem wording, the simulation offers a process\u2010oriented perspective as to why natural language presentation constrains the comprehension of mathematical relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2003_2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,6]],"date-time":"2005-08-06T01:21:59Z","timestamp":1123291319000},"page":"357-407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Text Integration and Mathematical Connections: A Computer Model of Arithmetic Word Problem Solving"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"LeBlanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Weber\u2010Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(08)60452-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532690xci0103_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Burns J.E.(1993).EDUCE: Explaining Discourse Understanding with Conceptual Expectations Unpublished master's thesis Department of Computer Science University of New Hampshire Durham NH ."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"A linguistic basis for student difficulties with algebra","volume":"8","author":"Burton M.B.","year":"1988","journal-title":"For the Learning of Mathematics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Teaching and learning mathematical problem solving: Multiple research perspectives","author":"Carpenter T.P.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/748656"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Addition and subtraction: A cognitive perspective","author":"Carpenter T.P.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Addition and subtraction: A cognitive perspective","author":"Case R.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Intellectual development: Birth to adulthood","author":"Case R.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/748434"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.82.3.570"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532690xci0803_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(88)90011-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.83.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/749085"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Beginning first graders' initial representation of arithmetic word problems","volume":"4","author":"Corte E.","year":"1985","journal-title":"The Journal of Mathematical Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.77.4.460"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.82.2.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532690xci0403_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-596X(86)90020-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning","author":"Fuson K.C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Fuson K.C.(1994).A developmental model of children's addition and subtraction word problem solving. 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