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The target category in the study was defined by a feature that was unusual, hence situations of uncertainty and puzzlement were generated. Subjects were asked to think aloud while solving the tasks, and their verbal reports were analyzed. A number of problem solving strategies were identified, and subsequently integrated in a model of knowledge\u2010guided inductive categorization. Our model proposes that expert knowledge influences the subjects' reasoning in more complex ways than suggested by earlier investigations of scientific reasoning. As in previous studies, domain knowledge influenced our subjects' hypothesis generation and testing; but, additionally, it played a central role when subjects revised their hypotheses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2401_2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,6]],"date-time":"2005-08-06T01:39:08Z","timestamp":1123292348000},"page":"53-91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Accommodating Surprise in Taxonomic Tasks: The Role of Expertise"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Alberdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Derek H.","family":"Sleeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Meg","family":"Korpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7312\/abbo93026","volume-title":"Taxonomic analyses in biology. 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