{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T20:47:44Z","timestamp":1791578864429,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cognition and Instruction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,3]]},"DOI":"10.1207\/s1532690xci0201_3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,30]],"date-time":"2006-01-30T14:33:40Z","timestamp":1138631620000},"page":"59-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":834,"title":["The Use of Worked Examples as a Substitute for Problem Solving in Learning Algebra"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Sweller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham A.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1_36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0502_2"},{"key":"p_2_37","unstructured":"Chi, M., Glaser, R. & Rees, E. (1982). Expertise in problem solving.In R. Sternberg (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (pp. 7-75). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"p_3_38","unstructured":"De Groot, A. (1966). Perception and memory versus thought: Some old ideas and recent findings.In B. Kleinmuntz (Ed.), Problem solving (pp. 19-50). New York: Wiley."},{"key":"p_4_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greeno, J. (1980a). Some examples of cognitive task analysis with instructional implications.In R. Snow, P. Federico, & W. Montague (Eds.), Aptitude, learning and instruction, Vol. 2: Cognitive process analyses of learning and problem solving (pp. 1-21). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA073189"},{"key":"p_5_40","unstructured":"Greeno, J. (1980b). Trends in the theory of knowledge for problem solving.In D. Tuma & F. Reif (Eds.), Problem solving and education: Issues in teaching and research (pp. 9-23). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"p_6_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1126\/science.208.4450.1335","volume":"208","author":"Larkin J.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"p_7_42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0404_1"},{"key":"p_8_43","unstructured":"Lewis, C. (1981). Skill in algebra.In J. R. Anderson (Ed.), Cognitiveskills and their acquisition (pp. 85-1 10). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"p_9_44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0278-7393.8.3.252"},{"key":"p_10_45","unstructured":"Shulman, L. S. & Keislar, E. R. (Eds.). (1966). Learning by discovery: A critical appraisal.Chicago: Rand-McNally."},{"key":"p_11_46","unstructured":"Simon, D. & Simon, H. (1978). Individual differences in solving physics problems.In R. Siegler, (Ed.), Children's thinking: What develops? (pp. 325-348). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"p_12_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197659","volume":"11","author":"Sweller J.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Memory and Cognition"},{"key":"p_13_48","first-page":"13","volume":"4","author":"Sweller J.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory"},{"key":"p_14_49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0278-7393.8.3.252"},{"key":"p_15_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2307\/1422136","volume":"95","author":"Sweller J.","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"p_16_51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0096-3445.112.4.639"}],"container-title":["Cognition and Instruction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1207\/s1532690xci0201_3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T16:54:14Z","timestamp":1555433654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1207\/s1532690xci0201_3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1207\/s1532690xci0201_3"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s1532690xci0201_3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-0008","1532-690X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-0008","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-690X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,3]]}}}