{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:12:52Z","timestamp":1790507572296,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AAPS PharmSciTech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T13:01:35Z","timestamp":1480597295000},"page":"309-316","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Simulating Different Dosing Scenarios for a Child-Appropriate Valproate ER Formulation in a New Pediatric Two-Stage Dissolution Model"],"prefix":"10.1208","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Karkossa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Krueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Urbaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3225","volume":"134","author":"V Ivanovska","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ivanovska V, Rademaker CMA, van Dijk L, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK. Pediatric drug formulations: a review of challenges and progress. Pediatrics. 2014;134(2):361\u201372.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02410.x","volume":"59","author":"T Nunn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nunn T, Williams J. Formulation of medicines for children. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;59(6):674\u20136.","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"671_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.10.006","volume":"73","author":"HK Batchelor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Batchelor HK, Fotaki N, Klein S. Paediatric oral biopharmaceutics: key considerations and current challenges. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014;73:102\u201326.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"671_CR4","unstructured":"Guideline on pharmaceutical development of medicines for paediatric use. In: (CHMP) CfMPfHU, (PDCO) PC, London: European Medicines Agency; 2013."},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.05.053","volume":"435","author":"DA Riet-Nales van","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Riet-Nales DA, Wang S, Saint-Raymond A, Robert JL. The EMA quality guideline on the pharmaceutical development of medicines for paediatric use. Int J Pharm. 2012;435(2):132\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"671_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-013-9933-5","volume":"14","author":"G Garbacz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garbacz G, Kolodziej B, Koziolek M, Weitschies W, Klein S. An automated system for monitoring and regulating the pH of bicarbonate buffers. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2013;14(2):517\u201322.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"671_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2013.09.020","volume":"51","author":"G Garbacz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garbacz G, Kolodziej B, Koziolek M, Weitschies W, Klein S. A dynamic system for the simulation of fasting luminal pH-gradients using hydrogen carbonate buffers for dissolution testing of ionisable compounds. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2014;51:224\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR8","first-page":"122","volume":"71","author":"E Kersten","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kersten E, Barry A, Klein S. Physicochemical characterisation of fluids and soft foods frequently mixed with oral drug formulations prior to administration to children. Pharmazie. 2016;71(3):122\u20137.","journal-title":"Pharmazie"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.14227\/DT130406P6","volume":"13","author":"S Klein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Klein S. The mini paddle apparatus\u2014a useful tool in the early developmental stage? Experiences with immediate release dosage forms. Dissolut Technol. 2006;13(4):6\u201311.","journal-title":"Dissolut Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-008-9161-6","volume":"9","author":"S Klein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Klein S, Shah VP. A standardized mini paddle apparatus as an alternative to the standard paddle. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2008;9(4):1179\u201384.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"671_CR11","unstructured":"Orfiril\u00ae long Fachinformation (summary of product characteristics). Rote Liste Service GmbH; 2015."},{"issue":"11","key":"671_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2015.1060218","volume":"12","author":"FL Lopez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lopez FL, Ernest TB, Tuleu C, Gul MO. Formulation approaches to pediatric oral drug delivery: benefits and limitations of current platforms. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2015;12(11):1727\u201340.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"6","key":"671_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.07.014","volume":"163","author":"V Klingmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klingmann V, Spomer N, Lerch C, Stoltenberg I, Fromke C, Bosse HM, et al. Favorable acceptance of mini-tablets compared with syrup: a randomized controlled trial in infants and preschool children. J Pediatr. 2013;163(6):1728\u201332.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"671_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klingmann V, Seitz A, Meissner T, Breitkreutz J, Moeltner A, Bosse HM. Acceptability of uncoated mini-tablets in neonates\u2014a randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr. 2015;167(4):893\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.07.010"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199610000-00003","volume":"40","author":"A Nagita","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nagita A, Amemoto K, Yoden A, Aoki S, Sakaguchi M, Ashida K, et al. Diurnal variation in intragastric pH in children with and without peptic ulcers. Pediatr Res. 1996;40(4):528\u201332.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"671_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(90)90074-D","volume":"2","author":"BR Miller","year":"1990","unstructured":"Miller BR, Tharp JA, Issacs WB. Gastric residual volume in infants and children following a 3-hour fast. J Clin Anesth. 1990;2(5):301\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"671_CR17","first-page":"965","volume":"96","author":"SD Cook-Sather","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cook-Sather SD, Harris KA, Chiavacci R, Gallagher PR, Schreiner MS. A liberalized fasting guideline for formula-fed infants does not increase average gastric fluid volume before elective surgery. Anesth Analg. 2003;96(4):965\u20139.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"671_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199409000-00013","volume":"79","author":"RS Litman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Litman RS, Wu CL, Quinlivan JK. Gastric volume and pH in infants fed clear liquids and breast milk prior to surgery. Anesth Analg. 1994;79(3):482\u20135.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"7","key":"671_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(08)80054-9","volume":"30","author":"KA Wells","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wells KA, Losin WG. In vitro stability, potency, and dissolution of duloxetine enteric-coated pellets after exposure to applesauce, apple juice, and chocolate pudding. Clin Ther. 2008;30(7):1300\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"671_CR20","first-page":"1347","volume":"47","author":"A Retzow","year":"1997","unstructured":"Retzow A, Vens-Cappell B, Wangemann M. Influence of food on the pharmacokinetics of a new multiple unit sustained release sodium valproate formulation. Arzneimittelforschung. 1997;47(12):1347\u201350.","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"671_CR21","volume-title":"Martindale\u2014the complete drug reference","author":"SC Sweetman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sweetman SC. Martindale\u2014the complete drug reference. 33rd ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2002.","edition":"33"}],"container-title":["AAPS PharmSciTech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,25]],"date-time":"2017-06-25T01:02:01Z","timestamp":1498352521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["671"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/s12249-016-0671-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-9932"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-9932","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]}}}