{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:00:08Z","timestamp":1787497208398,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The recent Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (CGHFBC) publication calculated the attributable risk of breast cancer from use of estrogen alone and estrogen plus a synthetic progestogen for less than 5 to 15 or more years of use. This CGHFB report calculated attributable risk based on their findings of relative risk from pooled data from 58 studies. Notably, neither the CGHFBC nor other previous studies have examined the effect of underlying risk of breast cancer on attributable risk. This omission prompted us to determine the magnitude of the effect of underlying risk on attributable risk in this perspective. Meaningful communication of the potential risk of menopausal hormonal therapy requires providing women with the estimated risk above their existing underlying risk (ie, attributable risk). Therefore, we have estimated attributable risks from the data published by the CGHFBC, taking into account varying degrees of underlying risk. Based on the Endocrine Society Guideline on Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT), we divided groups into 3 categories of risk: low (1.5%), intermediate (3.0%), and high (6.0%) underlying risk of breast cancer over 5 years. In women taking estrogen plus a synthetic progestogen for 5 to 9 years, the attributable risks of MHT increased from 12, to 42, to 85 additional women per 1000 in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively. The attributable risks for estrogen alone were lower but also increased based on underlying risk. Notably, the attributable risks were amplified with duration of MHT use, which increased both relative risk and breast cancer incidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T04:03:15Z","timestamp":1581566595000},"page":"e2299-e2307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Underlying Breast Cancer Risk and Menopausal Hormone Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6715-5192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J","family":"Santen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia Health System, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1527-4472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel F","family":"Heitjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Methodist University Department of Statistical Science and University of Texas Southwestern Department of Population & Data Sciences, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Gompel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes, Gynecologie Endocrinienne, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ann","family":"Lumsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Glasgow School of Medicine, Glasgow, Scotland, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JoAnn V","family":"Pinkerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia Health System, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2955-0415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan R","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A","family":"Stuenkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, La Jolla, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020090504222740800_CIT0001","author":"Richard"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020090504222740800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2236","article-title":"Treatment of symptoms of the menopause: an Endocrine Society Clinical practice guideline","volume":"100","author":"Stuenkel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"9084","key":"2020090504222740800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)08233-0","article-title":"Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. 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