{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:19Z","timestamp":1787021239763,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014690","name":"Ministry of Culture and Science of North Rhine-Westphalia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Education and Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency are not only linked to hematological, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases, but are also associated with insulin resistance. Metformin can decrease vitamin B12 and folate concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine (1) effects of short-term metformin treatment on serum holotranscobalamin (holoTC) and folate and (2) their association with insulin sensitivity in recent-onset type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional analysis comprised patients (known disease duration &amp;lt;12 months) on metformin monotherapy (MET, n\u2005=\u2005123, 81 males, 53\u2005\u00b1\u200512 years) or nonpharmacological treatment (NPT, n\u2005=\u2005126, 77 males, 54\u2005\u00b1\u200511 years) of the German Diabetes Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HoloTC (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), cobalamin, and folate (electrochemiluminescence); beta-cell function and whole-body insulin sensitivity, measured during fasting (HOMA-B, HOMA-IR) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests combined with hyperinsulinemic\u2013euglycemic clamp tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HoloTC (105.4 [82.4, 128.3] vs 97 [79.7, 121.9] pmol\/L) and folate concentrations (13.4 [9.3, 19.3] vs 12.7 [9.3, 22.0] nmol\/L) were similar in both groups. Overall, holoTC was not associated with fasting or glucose-stimulated beta-cell function and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Cobalamin measurements yielded similar results in representative subgroups. In NPT but not MET, folate levels were inversely correlated with HOMA-IR (r\u2005=\u2005\u20130.239, P\u2005=\u2005.007). Folate levels did not relate to insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion in the whole cohort and in each group separately after adjustment for age, body mass index, and sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metformin does not affect circulating holoTC and folate concentrations in recent-onset type 2 diabetes, rendering monitoring of vitamin B12 and folate dispensable, at least during the first 6 months after diagnosis or initiation of metformin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T02:13:28Z","timestamp":1585275208000},"page":"e2222-e2231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vitamin B12 and Folate Concentrations in Recent-onset Type 2 Diabetes and the Effect of Metformin Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evrim","family":"Anadol-Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Bobrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6636-1373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus","family":"Strassburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Kahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5738-9585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana P","family":"Zaharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresia","family":"Sarabhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanislava","family":"Karusheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Burkart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F","family":"Markgraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Trenkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5185-8168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Szendroedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8200-6382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Roden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), M\u00fcnchen-Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the GDS Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Roden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Al-Hasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A E","family":"Buyken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Eckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Geerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Herder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Icks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Kotzka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Ku\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Lammert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Markgraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"M\u00fcssig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Rathmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Szendr\u00f6di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.76","article-title":"Vitamin B12 transport from food to the body\u2019s cells \u2013 a sophisticated, multistep pathway","volume":"9","author":"Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"21","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0002","first-page":"2041","article-title":"Vitamin B12 deficiency","volume":"368","author":"Stabler","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"9519","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68582-6","article-title":"Folic acid: a public-health challenge","volume":"367","author":"Eichholzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3754","article-title":"Long-term metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency in the diabetes prevention program outcomes study","volume":"101","author":"Aroda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"18","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.18.1975","article-title":"Risk factors of vitamin B(12) deficiency in patients receiving metformin","volume":"166","author":"Ting","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2017.04.010","article-title":"Metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency: untangling the association","volume":"354","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.07.008","article-title":"Folate and vitamin B12 status is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in morbid obesity","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c2181","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2181","article-title":"Long term treatment with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency: randomised placebo controlled trial","volume":"340","author":"de Jager","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3109\/00365519709084603","article-title":"Metformin increases total serum homocysteine levels in non-diabetic male patients with coronary heart disease","volume":"57","author":"Carlsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01213.x","article-title":"Effects of short-term treatment with metformin on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"254","author":"Wulffel\u00e9","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Intern Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2005.10.005","article-title":"Effects of metformin or rosiglitazone on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"21","author":"Sahin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1177\/14746514040040060701","article-title":"Vitamin B12 status of patients treated with metformin: a cross-sectional cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Sparre Hermann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0013","first-page":"780","article-title":"Effect of metformin on plasma homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid: a cross-sectional study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"87","author":"Pongchaidecha","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.027458","article-title":"Holo-transcobalamin concentration and transcobalamin saturation reflect recent vitamin B12 absorption better than does serum vitamin B12","volume":"50","author":"Bor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chem."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2007.361","article-title":"Holotranscobalamin in laboratory diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency compared to total cobalamin and methylmalonic acid","volume":"45","author":"Obeid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.10.028","article-title":"Serum vitamin B12 not reflecting vitamin B12 status in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"95","author":"Obeid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimie."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5072475","article-title":"Metformin lowers serum cobalamin without changing other markers of cobalamin status: a study on women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Greibe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.20960\/nh.559","article-title":"[Associations between insulin resistance and three B-vitamins in European adolescents: the HELENA study]","volume":"34","author":"Iglesia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5611","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6125611","article-title":"Vitamin B12 in obese adolescents with clinical features of insulin resistance","volume":"6","author":"Ho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09522-5","article-title":"Association between serum folate and insulin resistance among U.S. Nondiabetic adults","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077931","article-title":"Folate deficiency triggers an oxidative-nitrosative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death and impedes insulin biosynthesis in RINm5F pancreatic islet \u03b2-cells: relevant to the pathogenesis of diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-016-0374-9","article-title":"Cohort profile: the German Diabetes Study (GDS)","volume":"15","author":"Szendroedi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30187-1","article-title":"Risk of diabetes-associated diseases in subgroups of patients with recent-onset diabetes: a 5-year follow-up study","volume":"7","author":"Zaharia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.2337\/dci18-0033","article-title":"Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2018. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)","volume":"41","author":"Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1076","article-title":"Liver ATP synthesis is lower and relates to insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Schmid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1985.58.5.1565","article-title":"Estimation of human body composition by electrical impedance methods: a comparative study","volume":"58","author":"Segal","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.096784","article-title":"Active B12: a rapid, automated assay for holotranscobalamin on the Abbott AxSYM analyzer","volume":"54","author":"Brady","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0784","article-title":"A review of the cut-off points for the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency in the general population","volume":"53","author":"Aparicio-Ugarriza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-3046","article-title":"The definition of anemia: what is the lower limit of normal of the blood hemoglobin concentration?","volume":"107","author":"Beutler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0030","first-page":"386","article-title":"Vitamin B12 deficiency and the lack of its consequences in type 2 diabetes patients using metformin","volume":"71","author":"de Groot-Kamphuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neth J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1582","article-title":"Association of biochemical B1\u2082 deficiency with metformin therapy and vitamin B1\u2082 supplements: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2006","volume":"35","author":"Reinstatler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2016.03.008","article-title":"Association between metformin and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Chapman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-014-0597-8","article-title":"Influence of duration and dose of metformin on cobalamin deficiency in type 2 diabetes patients using metformin","volume":"52","author":"Beulens","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0009","article-title":"Diabetes as a cause of clinically significant functional cobalamin deficiency","volume":"34","author":"Solomon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2010.02.011","article-title":"Metformin induces reductions in plasma cobalamin and haptocorrin bound cobalamin levels in elderly diabetic patients","volume":"43","author":"Leung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Biochem."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-120760","article-title":"Impact of type 2 diabetes and metformin use on vitamin B12 associated biomarkers - an observational study","volume":"126","author":"Metaxas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114518001356","article-title":"Voluntary fortification is ineffective to maintain the vitamin B12 and folate status of older Irish adults: evidence from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)","volume":"120","author":"Laird","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy234","article-title":"Effect of folate supplementation on insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"109","author":"Lind","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"issue":"14","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9583","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.431627","article-title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia promotes insulin resistance by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in adipose tissue","volume":"288","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.08.020","article-title":"Role of redox factor-1 in hyperhomocysteinemia-accelerated atherosclerosis","volume":"41","author":"Dai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.8.1403","article-title":"Fasting plasma homocysteine levels in the insulin resistance syndrome: the Framingham offspring study","volume":"24","author":"Meigs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"key":"2021122105115295600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9834181","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9834181","article-title":"Stability of folate and vitamin B12 in human serum after long-term storage: a follow-up after 13 years","volume":"2018","author":"Jansen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr Metab."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa150\/32971805\/dgaa150.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/105\/6\/e2222\/41829561\/jcem_105_6_e2222.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/105\/6\/e2222\/41829561\/jcem_105_6_e2222.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:12:42Z","timestamp":1640045562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/105\/6\/e2222\/5812595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa150","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]}}}