{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:58:50Z","timestamp":1791831530568,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005709","name":"Endocrine Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005709","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hyperthyroidism is associated with low levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, and hypothyroidism is associated with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of therapy for overt and subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism on serum lipids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus from 1970 through April 5, 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pairs of independent reviewers selected randomized and observational studies evaluating lipid parameters in patients undergoing treatment for hyper- or hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pairs of independent reviewers extracted data and appraised studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of overt hyperthyroidism showed a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC) by 44.50 mg\/dL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 37.99, 51.02), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 31.13 mg\/dL (95% CI: 24.33, 37.93), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by 5.52 mg\/dL (95% CI: 1.48, 9.56), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) by 15.6 mg\/dL (95% CI: 10.38, 20.81), apolipoprotein B (apo B) by 26.12 mg\/dL (95% CI: 22.67, 29.57), and lipoprotein (Lp[a]) by 4.18 mg\/dL (95% CI: 1.65, 6.71). There was no significant change in triglyceride (TG) levels. Treatment of subclinical hyperthyroidism did not change any lipid parameters significantly. Levothyroxine therapy in overt hypothyroidism showed a statistically significant decrease in TC by -58.4 mg\/dL (95% CI: -64.70, -52.09), LDL-C by -41.11 mg\/dL (95% CI: -46.53, -35.69), HDL-C by -4.14 mg\/dL (95% CI: -5.67, -2.61), TGs by -7.25 mg\/dL (95% CI: -36.63, 17.87), apo A by -12.59 mg\/dL (95% CI: -17.98, -7.19), apo B by -33.96 mg\/dL (95% CI: 41.14, -26.77), and Lp(a) by -5.6 mg\/dL (95% CI: -9.06, -2.14). Levothyroxine therapy in subclinical hypothyroidism showed similar changes but with a smaller magnitude. The studies contained varied population characteristics, severity of thyroid dysfunction, and follow-up duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment of overt but not subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated with worsening of the lipid profile. Levothyroxine therapy in both overt and subclinical hypothyroidism leads to improvement in the lipid profile, with a smaller magnitude of improvement in subclinical hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T01:04:35Z","timestamp":1600650275000},"page":"3683-3694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Treatment of Thyroid Dysfunction and Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4500-8546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anupam","family":"Kotwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"},{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Genere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana","family":"Hamidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Jasim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie B","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry J","family":"Prokop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5502-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M Hassan","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fares","family":"Alahdab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021122106320439200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2012.01.012","article-title":"The effect of thyroid disorders on lipid levels and metabolism","volume":"96","author":"Duntas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122106320439200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2017.08.015","article-title":"Association between thyroid function and lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, and high-density lipoprotein function","volume":"11","author":"Jung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122106320439200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.11.004","article-title":"Thyroid hormone crosstalk with nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic regulation","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"20","key":"2021122106320439200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380200061022","article-title":"Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? 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