{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T11:07:08Z","timestamp":1740136028442,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in the growth of muscle and bone mass and contributes to glucose homeostasis. The offspring of mothers with diabetes during pregnancy have an increased risk of insulin resistance (IR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We hypothesized that bone mass was decreased in the offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and that the IGF-1\u2013bone mass relationship would be negatively influenced by IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from the Epigenetic, Genetic and Environmental Effects on Growth, Metabolism and Cognitive Functions in Offspring of Women with Type 1 Diabetes (EPICOM) study performed from 2012 to 2013 were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>This work is a follow-up study of a nationwide register study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 278 adolescent index offspring whose mothers had T1D and 303 matched controls were studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bone mineral content (BMC) determined by a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan and the interaction with IGF-1 and insulin sensitivity were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no difference in BMC, bone mineral density, height (SD score [SDS]), or BMC\/height between index and control offspring. IGF-1 (SDS) did not differ between the groups but insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (SDS) was higher in index boys compared to controls (B\u2005=\u2005.31 [95% CI, 0.06-0.57], P\u2005=\u2005.02). The statistical path analysis showed that IGF-1 predicted BMC\/height (B\u2005=\u2005.24 [95% CI, 0.02-0.45], P\u2005=\u2005.03), but lean mass was a mediator of this. IGF-1 and the homeostatic model assessment of IR were positively associated (B\u2005=\u2005.75 [95% CI, 0.37-1.12], P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). There was no moderating effect of the interaction between IR and IGF-1 on lean mass in the entire cohort (B\u2005=\u2005.005 [95% CI, \u20130.03 to 0.04], P\u2005=\u2005.81) or when analyzing index cases and controls separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that lean mass was an intermediary factor in the IGF-1\u2013bone mass relationship in a large cohort of adolescents, and this relationship was not moderated by IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T08:50:58Z","timestamp":1606294258000},"page":"e772-e781","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of Lean Body Mass and Insulin Sensitivity on the IGF-1\u2013Bone Mass Axis in Adolescence: the EPICOM Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4522-672X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikke 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