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Diets with a low glycemic load (GL) may influence appetite-regulating hormones including glucagon and ghrelin.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To test the hypothesis that following a 4-week, eucaloric low vs high GL diet habituation, a low vs high GL meal will increase glucagon and decrease ghrelin to reflect greater satiety and improve self-reported fullness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty women diagnosed with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants were provided low (41:19:40% energy from carbohydrate:protein:fat) and high (55:18:27) GL diets for 8 weeks each. At each diet midpoint, a solid meal test was administered to examine postprandial ghrelin, glucagon, glucose, insulin, and self-reported appetite scores.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After 4 weeks, fasting glucagon was greater with the low vs high GL diet (P = .035), and higher fasting glucagon was associated with lesser feelings of hunger (P = .009). Significant diet effects indicate 4-hour glucagon was higher (P &amp;lt; .001) and ghrelin was lower (P = .009) after the low vs high GL meal. A trending time \u00d7 diet interaction (P = .077) indicates feelings of fullness were greater in the early postprandial phase after the high GL meal, but no differences were observed the late postprandial phase.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings suggest after low GL diet habituation, a low GL meal reduces ghrelin and increases glucagon in women with PCOS. Further research is needed to determine the influence of diet composition on ad libitum intake in women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T18:55:18Z","timestamp":1611600918000},"page":"e2151-e2161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Changes in Ghrelin and Glucagon following a Low Glycemic Load Diet in Women with PCOS"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4112-6438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah E","family":"Hoover","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara A","family":"Gower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yenni E","family":"Cedillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula C","family":"Chandler-Laney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E","family":"Deemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy M","family":"Goss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024","article-title":"Consensus on women\u2019s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE\/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group","volume":"97","author":"Fauser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.06.035","article-title":"The Androgen excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0178","article-title":"Positions statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an Androgen Excess Society guideline","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2011-1034","article-title":"Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome revisited: an update on mechanisms and implications","volume":"33","author":"Diamanti-Kandarakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0005","first-page":"774","article-title":"Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Dunaif","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2009.12.010","article-title":"Insulin and hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"122","author":"Baptiste","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122204523761400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21653","article-title":"How strongly does appetite counter weight loss? 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