{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T15:37:09Z","timestamp":1792337829220,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>Standard glucocorticoid therapy in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) regularly fails to control androgen excess, causing glucocorticoid overexposure and poor health outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated whether modified-release hydrocortisone (MR-HC), which mimics physiologic cortisol secretion, could improve disease control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 6-month, randomized, phase 3 study was conducted of MR-HC vs standard glucocorticoid, followed by a single-arm MR-HC extension study. Primary outcomes were change in 24-hour SD score (SDS) of androgen precursor 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) for phase 3, and efficacy, safety and tolerability of MR-HC for the extension study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The phase 3 study recruited 122 adult CAH patients. Although the study failed its primary outcome at 6 months, there was evidence of better biochemical control on MR-HC, with lower 17OHP SDS at 4 (P\u2005=\u2005.007) and 12 (P\u2005=\u2005.019) weeks, and between 07:00h to 15:00h (P\u2005=\u2005.044) at 6 months. The percentage of patients with controlled 09:00h serum 17OHP (&amp;lt;\u20051200 ng\/dL) was 52% at baseline, at 6 months 91% for MR-HC and 71% for standard therapy (P\u2005=\u2005.002), and 80% for MR-HC at 18 months\u2019 extension. The median daily hydrocortisone dose was 25 mg at baseline, at 6 months 31 mg for standard therapy, and 30 mg for MR-HC, and after 18 months 20 mg MR-HC. Three adrenal crises occurred in phase 3, none on MR-HC and 4 in the extension study. MR-HC resulted in patient-reported benefit including menses restoration in 8 patients (1 on standard therapy), and 3 patient and 4 partner pregnancies (none on standard therapy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MR-HC improved biochemical disease control in adults with reduction in steroid dose over time and patient-reported benefit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T07:27:54Z","timestamp":1612337274000},"page":"e2063-e2077","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Modified-Release Hydrocortisone in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3746-0460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah P","family":"Merke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Mallappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5106-9719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiebke","family":"Arlt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aude","family":"Brac de la Perriere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration d\u2019Endocrinologie, Groupement hospitalier Est, Bron Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica","family":"Lind\u00e9n Hirschberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0534-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Juul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Newell-Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin G","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4821-0336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1165-9092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D Aled","family":"Rees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Reisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Klinik IV, Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nike","family":"Stikkelbroeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University Medical Centre, GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Touraine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Pitie Salp\u00eatriere Hospital, France"},{"name":"Sorbonne University, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry","family":"Maltby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diurnal Ltd, Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F Peter","family":"Treasure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Treasure Statistical Services Ltd, Kings Lynn, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diurnal Ltd, Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9222-9678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"},{"name":"Diurnal Ltd, Cardiff, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1909786","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"383","author":"Merke","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"26","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199012273232605","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"323","author":"Cutler","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1807486","article-title":"Adrenal crisis","volume":"381","author":"Rushworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"9477","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66736-0","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"365","author":"Merke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.239","article-title":"Treatment and health outcomes in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"10","author":"Han","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4097","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01862","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Tamhane","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021561","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"349","author":"Speiser","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0895","article-title":"Poor compliance and increased mortality, depression and healthcare costs in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"178","author":"Jenkins-Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2715","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2957","article-title":"Increased mortality in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"99","author":"Falhammar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5110","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0917","article-title":"Health status of adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a cohort study of 203 patients","volume":"95","author":"Arlt","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4429","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2102","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of a cohort of 244 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"97","author":"Finkielstain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0012","first-page":"3185","article-title":"Treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"81","author":"Cutler","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2380","article-title":"Modified-release hydrocortisone to provide circadian cortisol profiles","volume":"94","author":"Debono","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4043","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01865","article-title":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"103","author":"Speiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00136","article-title":"Glucocorticoid regimens in the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Whittle","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02544.x","article-title":"Circadian hydrocortisone infusions in patients with adrenal insufficiency and congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"65","author":"Merza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4690","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1916","article-title":"A phase 2 study of continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"101","author":"Nella","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12316","article-title":"An oral multiparticulate, modified-release, hydrocortisone replacement therapy that provides physiological cortisol exposure","volume":"80","author":"Whitaker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3809","article-title":"A phase 2 study of Chronocort, a modified-release formulation of hydrocortisone, in the treatment of adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"100","author":"Mallappa","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00208","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of illnesses, stress dosing and illness sequelae in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"103","author":"El-Maouche","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R115","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0824","article-title":"Extensive expertise in endocrinology. Adrenal crisis","volume":"172","author":"Allolio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309538","article-title":"Is physiological glucocorticoid replacement important in children?","volume":"102","author":"Porter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13969","article-title":"The circadian rhythm of corticosteroid-binding globulin has little impact on cortisol exposure after hydrocortisone dosing","volume":"91","author":"Melin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1440","article-title":"Approach to the patient: the adult with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"98","author":"Auchus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105540","article-title":"Effect of androgen excess and glucocorticoid exposure on metabolic risk profiles in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"197","author":"Paizoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614107","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-9856-2010-614107","article-title":"Management of the adult with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"2010","author":"Auchus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2019-0006","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: suggestions for age dependent treatment in childhood and puberty","volume":"32","author":"Pijnenburg-Kleizen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0028","first-page":"3082","article-title":"Metabolic effects of short-term elevations of plasma cortisol are more pronounced in the evening than in the morning","volume":"84","author":"Plat","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0887","article-title":"Impact of total cumulative glucocorticoid dose on bone mineral density in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"158","author":"Chakhtoura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302011000800021","article-title":"Metabolic evaluation of young women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"55","author":"Schnaider-Rezek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Bornstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2417","article-title":"Approach to the adult with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"93","author":"Merke","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03563.x","article-title":"Reassessing fecundity in women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH): normal pregnancy rate but reduced fertility rate","volume":"70","author":"Caster\u00e0s","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2303","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-4124","article-title":"Clinical outcome, hormonal status, gonadotrope axis, and testicular function in 219 adult men born with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency. A French national survey","volume":"100","author":"Bouvattier","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(94)90107-4","article-title":"Dynamics of 24-hour pulsatile cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione release in prepubertal patients with nonclassic 21-hydroxylase deficiency and normal prepubertal children","volume":"43","author":"Ghizzoni","year":"1994","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"issue":"7","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1381","article-title":"Androgen profiling by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS) in healthy normal-weight ovulatory and anovulatory late adolescent and young women","volume":"98","author":"Fanelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3954","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0524","article-title":"The impact of glucocorticoid replacement regimens on metabolic outcome and comorbidity in hypopituitary patients","volume":"91","author":"Filipsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4216","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1097","article-title":"ACTH deficiency, higher doses of hydrocortisone replacement, and radiotherapy are independent predictors of mortality in patients with acromegaly","volume":"94","author":"Sherlock","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03596.x","article-title":"Influence of hydrocortisone dosage scheme on health-related quality of life in patients with adrenal insufficiency","volume":"72","author":"Bleicken","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E554","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3707","article-title":"Increased psychiatric morbidity in men with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"99","author":"Falhammar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.01.011","article-title":"Impact of hydrocortisone on adult height in congenital adrenal hyperplasia\u2014the Minnesota cohort","volume":"164","author":"Sarafoglou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0064","article-title":"Hormonal circadian rhythms in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: identifying optimal monitoring times and novel disease biomarkers","volume":"173","author":"Debono","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00262","article-title":"Steroid metabolome analysis in disorders of adrenal steroid biosynthesis and metabolism","volume":"40","author":"Storbeck","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-13-0128","article-title":"Quality of life in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia relates to glucocorticoid treatment, adiposity and insulin resistance: United Kingdom Congenital adrenal Hyperplasia Adult Study Executive (CaHASE)","volume":"168","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz006","article-title":"Increased infection risk in Addison\u2019s disease and congenital adrenal hyperplasia","volume":"105","author":"Tresoldi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1159\/000481660","article-title":"Adrenal crises in children: perspectives and research directions","volume":"89","author":"Rushworth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03348-1","article-title":"Adrenal crises in children with adrenal insufficiency: epidemiology and risk factors","volume":"178","author":"Eyal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122205021923400_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-12-0161","article-title":"Frequency and causes of adrenal crises over lifetime in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"167","author":"Reisch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab051\/36357920\/dgab051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/5\/e2063\/41848288\/dgab051.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/5\/e2063\/41848288\/dgab051.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T03:54:02Z","timestamp":1697774042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/106\/5\/e2063\/6123708"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab051","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]]}}}