{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:28:41Z","timestamp":1790710121052,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) are at risk for suboptimal neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate neurocognitive function and white matter microstructure in children with permanent or transient CH and to correlate these findings with disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design, participants and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective and prospective observational study was conducted in 39 children with permanent or transient CH, and in 39 healthy children. Cognitive function was assessed by Wechsler Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition, and by other tests; the white matter microstructure was investigated by 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with permanent CH have lower cognitive scores at a median age of 9.5 years than those with transient CH and controls. An IQ score between 71 and 84 was found in 28.6% of permanent CH and of &amp;lt;70 (P\u2005=\u20050.06) in 10.7%. The Processing Speed Index (PSI; P\u2005=\u20050.004), sustained visual attention (P\u2005=\u20050.02), reading speed (P\u2005=\u20050.0001), written calculations (P\u2005=\u20050.002), and numerical knowledge (P\u2005=\u20050.0001) were significantly lower than controls. Children born to mothers with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis have significantly lower IQ values (P\u2005=\u20050.02), Working Memory Index (P\u2005=\u20050.03), and PSI (P\u2005=\u20050.02). Significantly lower IQ and Verbal Comprehension Index values were found in children with a family history of thyroid disorders (P\u2005=\u20050.004 and P\u2005=\u20050.009, respectively). In children with permanent CH, significant correlations between abnormalities in white matter microstructural, clinical, and cognitive measures were documented.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings indicate that children with CH are at risk of neurocognitive impairment and white matter abnormalities despite timely and adequate treatment. The association between offspring cognitive vulnerability and maternal thyroid disorders requires careful consideration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T12:52:09Z","timestamp":1623243129000},"page":"e3990-e4006","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Cognitive and White Matter Microstructure Development in Congenital Hypothyroidism and Familial Thyroid Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5209-430X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia","family":"Perri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8835-7271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letizia","family":"De Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5621-4046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Tortora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6246-9299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Calevo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5927-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna E M","family":"Allegri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3567-6118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6217-1919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppa","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7243-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7277-4767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Crocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1786-7244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Schiavone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0754-4548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Casalini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4730-5322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariasavina","family":"Severino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8575-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4492-4585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natascia","family":"Di Iorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2157-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Gastaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7183-5238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Maghnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health\u2013University of Genova, Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.190280","article-title":"Prevention of intellectual disability through screening for congenital hypothyroidism: how much and at what level?","volume":"96","author":"Grosse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0333","article-title":"Congenital hypothyroidism: A 2020-2021 consensus guidelines update: an ENDO-European Reference Network initiative endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European Society for Endocrinology","volume":"31","author":"van Trotsenburg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3273","article-title":"Congenital hypothyroidism due to defects of thyroid development and mild increase of TSH at screening: data from the Italian National Registry of infants with congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"98","author":"Olivieri","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.4.923","article-title":"Congenital hypothyroidism: influence of disease severity and L-thyroxine treatment on intellectual, motor, and school-associated outcomes in young adults","volume":"112","author":"Oerbeck","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.043935","article-title":"Congenital hypothyroidism: no adverse effects of high dose thyroxine treatment on adult memory, attention, and behaviour","volume":"90","author":"Oerbeck","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1891","article-title":"European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology consensus guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and management of congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"99","author":"L\u00e9ger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2014.12.005","article-title":"Thyroid-related neurological disorders and complications in children","volume":"52","author":"Nandi-Munshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.09.008","article-title":"Thyroid hormone action during brain development: more questions than answers","volume":"315","author":"Horn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0009","first-page":"644","article-title":"Clinical implications of thyroid hormones effects on nervous system development","volume":"9","author":"Carre\u00f3n-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Endocrinol Rev."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1159\/000363153","article-title":"The role of thyroid hormones for brain development and cognitive function","volume":"26","author":"Rovet","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Dev."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0011","first-page":"1147","article-title":"Incidence of transient congenital hypothyroidism due to maternal thyrotropin receptor-blocking antibodies in over one million babies","volume":"81","author":"Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F70","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.79.1.F70","article-title":"Italian Collaborative Study on Transient Hypothyroidism","volume":"79","author":"Weber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02239.x","article-title":"Proportion of various types of thyroid disorders among newborns with congenital hypothyroidism and normally located gland: a regional cohort study","volume":"62","author":"Gaudino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.06.050","article-title":"Transient hypothyroidism at 3-year follow-up among cases of congenital hypothyroidism detected by newborn screening","volume":"162","author":"Korzeniewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1159\/000448658","article-title":"Transient versus permanent congenital hypothyroidism after the age of 3 years in infants detected on the first versus second newborn screening test in Oregon, USA","volume":"86","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4428","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00362","article-title":"Permanent vs transient congenital hypothyroidism: assessment of predictive variables","volume":"103","author":"Oron","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5765","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00900","article-title":"Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism: what can we learn from discordant twins?","volume":"104","author":"Medda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-10-9","article-title":"Discontinuation of thyroid hormone treatment among children in the United States with congenital hypothyroidism: findings from health insurance claims data","volume":"10","author":"Kemper","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2017.09.07","article-title":"Transient hypothyroidism in the newborn: to treat or not to treat","volume":"6","author":"Kanike","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0154","article-title":"Early determinants of thyroid function outcomes in children with congenital hypothyroidism and a normally located thyroid gland: a regional cohort study","volume":"28","author":"Saba","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thyroid."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194918","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/194918","article-title":"Children with congenital hypothyroidism have similar neuroradiological abnormal findings as healthy ones","volume":"2013","author":"Rachmiel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientificworldjournal."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0022","volume-title":"Wechsler Preschool and PrimaryScale of Intelligence.","author":"Wechsler","year":"2002","edition":"3rd ed."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dgz151","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz151","article-title":"Cognitive profiles and brain volume are affected in patients with silver-russell syndrome","volume":"105","author":"Patti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00751","article-title":"The use of new technologies for improving reading comprehension","volume":"11","author":"Capodieci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0025"},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0026"},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.02460","article-title":"Visual and spatial working memory abilities predict early math skills: a longitudinal study","volume":"10","author":"Fanari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0028","volume-title":"BIA\u2014Batteria Italiana per l\u2019ADHD. Batteria per la valutazione dei bambini con deficit di attenzione\/iperattivit\u00e0.","author":"Mazzocchi","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2018.1441390","article-title":"Writing abilities and the role of working memory in children with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder","volume":"25","author":"Capodieci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychol."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0030","volume-title":"VMI: developmental test of visual-motor integration.","author":"Beery","year":"2000"},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.05.009","article-title":"Visual-motor integration, visual perception, and fine motor coordination in a population of children with high levels of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder","volume":"55","author":"Doney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Dev Disabil."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4499","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2175","article-title":"Cognitive development in congenital hypothyroidism: is overtreatment a greater threat than undertreatment?","volume":"98","author":"Bongers-Schokking","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0033","volume-title":"Trog-2: Test for Reception of Grammar\u2014Version 2.","author":"Bishop","year":"2009"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22432","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022432","article-title":"An investigation to validate the grammar and phonology screening (GAPS) test to identify children with specific language impairment","volume":"6","author":"van der Lely","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00182","article-title":"Improvement in white matter tract reconstruction with constrained spherical deconvolution and track density mapping in low angular resolution data: a pediatric study and literature review","volume":"5","author":"Toselli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0036","author":"Perri"},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.005","article-title":"Treatment discontinuation within 3 years of levothyroxine initiation among children diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"223","author":"Kemper","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0038","first-page":"12","article-title":"Cognitive profiles of patients with early detected and treated congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"115","author":"Pardo Campos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr."},{"issue":"10","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2016-0188","article-title":"Evaluation of neurodevelopment of children with congenital hypothyroidism by the Denver Developmental Screening Test","volume":"30","author":"Bulu\u015f","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2017-03125","article-title":"Effects of mild perinatal hypothyroidism on cognitive function of adult male offspring","volume":"159","author":"Amano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1590\/1984-0462\/;2019;37;1;00014","article-title":"Congenital hypothyroidism as a risk factor for central hearing process disorders","volume":"37","author":"Andrade","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Paul Pediatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1549978","article-title":"Long-term surveillance of children with congenital hypothyroidism: data from the German registry for congenital hypothyroidism (AQUAPE \u201cHypo Dok\u201d)","volume":"227","author":"Ellerbroek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1538","article-title":"Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in the Netherlands: cognitive and motor outcome at 10 years of age","volume":"92","author":"Kempers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2012.07.003","article-title":"Neurodevelopment evaluation in children with congenital hypothyroidism by Bayley-III","volume":"35","author":"Komur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2017.22.2.102","article-title":"Intellectual development in preschool children with early treated congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"22","author":"Seo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0046","first-page":"228","article-title":"Earlier onset of treatment or increment in LT4 dose in screened congenital hypothyroidism: which as the more important factor for IQ at 7 years?","volume":"61","author":"Boileau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horm Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0047","first-page":"395","article-title":"Intelligence quotient in children with congenital hypothyroidism: the effect of diagnostic and treatment variables","volume":"18","author":"Najmi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101980","article-title":"White matter microstructural abnormalities in children with severe congenital hypothyroidism","volume":"24","author":"Cooper","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12193","article-title":"Diffusion tensor tractography in hypothyroidism and its correlation with memory function","volume":"26","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344003","article-title":"Action of thyroid hormone in brain","volume":"25","author":"Bernal","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2018.00031","article-title":"Transient hypothyroidism during lactation arrests myelination in the anterior commissure of rats. a magnetic resonance image and electron microscope study","volume":"12","author":"Lucia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2803","article-title":"Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"97","author":"De Groot","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1999.00639.x","article-title":"Low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with impaired psychomotor development in infancy","volume":"50","author":"Pop","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6054","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0571","article-title":"Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in the offspring of mothers exposed to mild-moderate iodine deficiency: a possible novel iodine deficiency disorder in developed countries","volume":"89","author":"Vermiglio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908193410801","article-title":"Maternal thyroid deficiency during pregnancy and subsequent neuropsychological development of the child","volume":"341","author":"Haddow","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2021110612091677600_CIT0056","first-page":"CD011761","article-title":"Iodine supplementation for women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period","volume":"3","author":"Harding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab412\/39459255\/dgab412.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/10\/e3990\/41098133\/dgab412.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/10\/e3990\/41098133\/dgab412.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]],"date-time":"2021-11-06T12:11:11Z","timestamp":1636200671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/106\/10\/e3990\/6295292"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab412","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]}}}