{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T18:44:18Z","timestamp":1788374658866,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23DK121888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DK121888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While adrenal adenomas have been linked with cardiovascular morbidity in convenience samples of patients from specialized referral centers, large-scale population-based data are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the prevalence and incidence of cardiometabolic disease and assess mortality in a population-based cohort of patients with adrenal adenomas.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-based cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients diagnosed with adrenal adenomas without overt hormone excess and age- and sex-matched referent subjects without adrenal adenomas.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main outcome measure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prevalence, incidence of cardiometabolic outcomes, mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>(Adrenal adenomas were diagnosed in 1004 patients (58% women, median age 63 years) from 1\/01\/1995 to 12\/31\/2017. At baseline, patients with adrenal adenomas were more likely to have hypertension [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.96, 95% CI 1.58-2.44], dysglycemia (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.33-2.00), peripheral vascular disease (aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.32-2.06), heart failure (aOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.15-2.33), and myocardial infarction (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.02-2.22) compared to referent subjects. During median follow-up of 6.8 years, patients with adrenal adenomas were more likely than referent subjects to develop de novo chronic kidney disease [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.46, 95% CI 1.14-1.86], cardiac arrhythmia (aHR 1.31, 95% CI 1.08-1.58), peripheral vascular disease (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.55), cardiovascular events (aHR 1.33, 95% CI 1.01-1.73), and venous thromboembolic events (aHR 2.15, 95% CI 1.48-3.13). Adjusted mortality was similar between the 2 groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adrenal adenomas are associated with an increased prevalence and incidence of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in a population-based cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T16:54:01Z","timestamp":1624985641000},"page":"3320-3330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Mortality in Patients with Adrenal Adenomas in a Population-based Setting"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Catherine D","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingfeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravinder Jeet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7104-7824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Ebbehoj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumitabh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Atkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara J","family":"Achenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William F","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5106-9719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiebke","family":"Arlt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"},{"name":"NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter A","family":"Rocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Bancos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03344099","article-title":"Prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma in a contemporary computerized tomography series","volume":"29","author":"Bovio","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz284","article-title":"Adrenal incidentalomas are tied to increased risk of diabetes: findings from a prospective study","volume":"105","author":"Reimondo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30314-4","article-title":"Epidemiology of adrenal tumours in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA: a population-based cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Ebbehoj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2799","article-title":"The incidental adrenal mass on CT: prevalence of adrenal disease in 1049 consecutive adrenal masses in patients with no known malignancy","volume":"190","author":"Song","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0467","article-title":"Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors","volume":"175","author":"Fassnacht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-3630","article-title":"Natural history of adrenal incidentalomas with and without mild autonomous cortisol excess: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"171","author":"Elhassan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys195","article-title":"Data resource profile: the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) medical records-linkage system","volume":"41","author":"St Sauver","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Generalizability of epidemiological findings and public health decisions: an illustration from the Rochester Epidemiology Project","author":"Sauver","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2011.11.009"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.08.012","article-title":"History of the Rochester Epidemiology Project: half a century of medical records linkage in a US population","volume":"87","author":"Rocca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0010","volume-title":",","author":"Zhang"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4158\/DSCR-2018-0565","article-title":"The evaluation of incidentally discovered adrenal masses","volume":"25","author":"Vaidya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Pract."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0012","first-page":"e13","article-title":"2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"71","author":"Whelton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0013","first-page":"67","article-title":"mice: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","author":"van Buuren","year":"2011"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70211-0","article-title":"Cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with adrenal incidentalomas that are either non-secreting or associated with intermediate phenotype or subclinical Cushing\u2019s syndrome: a 15-year retrospective study","volume":"2","author":"Di Dalmazi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2770","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa270","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of atrial fibrillation in a large cohort of adrenal incidentalomas: a long-term study","volume":"105","author":"Di Dalmazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02297-2","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in patients with subclinical Cushing","volume":"70","author":"Petramala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"issue":"12","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4462","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3007","article-title":"Cortisol as a marker for increased mortality in patients with incidental adrenocortical adenomas","volume":"99","author":"Debono","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"8","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-0547","article-title":"\u201cNonfunctional\u201d adrenal tumors and the risk for incident diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes: a cohort study","volume":"165","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0033","article-title":"High prevalence of smoking in patients with adrenal incidentalomas: causality or case selection?","volume":"183","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctarc.2020.100206","article-title":"Smoking is associated with adrenal adenomas and adrenocortical carcinomas: a nationwide multicenter analysis","volume":"25","author":"Yousaf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Res Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3527","article-title":"Long-term follow-up in adrenal incidentalomas: an Italian multicenter study","volume":"99","author":"Morelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00805","article-title":"Hypercoagulability and risk of venous thromboembolic events in endogenous Cushing\u2019s syndrome: a systematic meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wagner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)."},{"issue":"11","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06202-y","article-title":"The relationship between adrenal incidentalomas and mortality risk","volume":"29","author":"Taya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1400-8","article-title":"Increased mortality in patients with adrenal incidentalomas and autonomous cortisol secretion: a 13-year retrospective study from one center","volume":"58","author":"Patrova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine."},{"issue":"2","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"NIH state-of-the-science statement on management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass (\u201cincidentaloma\u201d)","volume":"19","year":"2002","journal-title":"NIH Consensus State Sci Stat."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2021120108555129500_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.15.S1.1","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Association of Endocrine Surgeons medical guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"15","author":"Zeiger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr Pract."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab468\/39259539\/dgab468.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/11\/3320\/41378615\/dgab468.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article-pdf\/106\/11\/3320\/41378615\/dgab468.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T13:52:37Z","timestamp":1638366757000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jcem\/article\/106\/11\/3320\/6311110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab468","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-972X","1945-7197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-972X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]}}}