{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T17:55:32Z","timestamp":1788717332473,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is higher in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment than in women conceiving spontaneously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether the GDM risk after day-3 embryo transfer differs from the GDM risk after day-5 blastocyst transfer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective observational study in women becoming pregnant after first fresh embryo or blastocyst transfer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1579 women got pregnant and had live birth; 1300 women got day-3 embryo transfer only, whereas 279 women received at least 1 blastocyst. Of 1579 women, 252 developed GDM. Age, body mass index, baseline estradiol, baseline high-density lipoprotein, and progesterone on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection were not different in women receiving day-3 embryos only vs women receiving at least 1 blastocyst. The number and quality of retrieved oocytes were not different in women receiving day-3 embryo transfer from those receiving blastocysts. Our study confirmed already established GDM risk factors such as age and body mass index, baseline estradiol, and high-density lipoprotein, as well as progesterone after ovarian stimulation. We furthermore demonstrate that the GDM incidence in women receiving day-5 blastocyst transfer was significantly higher than those who received day-3 embryo transfer (21.15% vs 14.85%; P\u2005=\u20050.009). Considering confounding factors, we likewise saw that blastocyst transfer was an independent procedure-related GDM risk factor [P\u2005=\u20050.009, Exp (B): 1.56, 95% CI: 1.12-2.18].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blastocyst transfer after in vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection increases the risk of developing GDM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T17:44:11Z","timestamp":1629481451000},"page":"e143-e152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Blastocyst Transfer: A Risk Factor for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Huijun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China"},{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell 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