{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:55:35Z","timestamp":1763643335008,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","award":["2021YJRC02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YJRC02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Observational associations between maternal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and offspring birth weight (BW) have been inconsistent and the causal relationship is still uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to estimate the causal effect of maternal PCOS on offspring BW.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We constructed genetic instruments for PCOS with 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were identified in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis including 10 074 PCOS cases and 103 164 controls of European ancestry from 7 cohorts. The genetic associations of these SNPs with the offspring BW were extracted from summary statistics estimated by the Early Growth Genetics consortium (n\u2005=\u2005406 063 European ancestry individuals) using the weighted linear model, an approximation method of structural equation model, which separated maternal genetic effects from fetal genetic effects. We used a 2-sample MR design to examine the causal relationship between maternal PCOS and offspring BW. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the MR results.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found little evidence for a causal effect of maternal PCOS on offspring BW (\u20136.1 g, 95% CI \u201316.8 g, 4.6 g). Broadly consistent results were found in the sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite the large scale of this study, our results suggested little causal effect of maternal PCOS on offspring BW. MR studies with a larger sample size of women with PCOS or more genetic instruments that would increase the variation of PCOS explained are needed in the future.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T03:59:06Z","timestamp":1638331146000},"page":"1020-1029","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Maternal Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Offspring Birth Weight: A Mendelian Randomization Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Yuexin","family":"Gan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children\u2019s Environmental Health, Institute of Early Life Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4186-8661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donghao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. 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