{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:18:50Z","timestamp":1790713130213,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-02141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-02141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003793","name":"Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20180564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20180564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003793","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF18OC0034464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF18OC0034464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Swedish government and the county councils","award":["ALFGBG-721451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALFGBG-721451"]}]},{"name":"Swedish government and the county councils","award":["ALFGBG-718851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALFGBG-718851"]}]},{"name":"Healthcare Board, region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland","award":["VGFOUREG-307071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VGFOUREG-307071"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Male sex is a major risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) but few studies have addressed associations between sex hormone levels and AAA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to describe the associations between serum sex steroids and early, screening-detected AAA in men.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We validated a high-sensitivity liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry assay for comprehensive serum sex hormone profiling. This assay was then employed in a case-control study including 147 men with AAA (infrarenal aorta\u2005\u2265\u200530 mm) and 251 AAA-free controls recruited at the general population-based ultrasound screening for AAA in 65-year-old Swedish men.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes included<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>associations between dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, 17\u03b1-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, estrone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol and AAA presence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, 17\u03b1-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, and estradiol, but not the other hormones, were lower in men with AAA. In models with adjustments for known AAA risk factors and comorbidity, only progesterone (odds ratio per SD decrease 1.62 [95% CI, 1.18-2.22]) and estradiol (1.40 [95% CI, 1.04-1.87]) remained inversely associated with the presence of AAA. Progesterone and estradiol contributed with independent additive information for prediction of AAA presence; compared with men with high (above median) levels, men with low (below median) levels of both hormones had a 4-fold increased odds ratio for AAA (4.06 [95% CI, 2.25-7.31]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Measured by a high-performance sex steroid assay, progesterone and estradiol are inversely associated with AAA in men, independent of known risk factors. Future studies should explore whether progesterone and estradiol, which are important reproductive hormones in women, are protective in human AAA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T06:26:52Z","timestamp":1638685612000},"page":"e1413-e1425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Low Progesterone and Low Estradiol Levels Associate With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Men"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9633-2805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claes","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region 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University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Ryberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Karin","family":"Norl\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joakim","family":"Nordanstig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Vascular Surgery Research Group, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4289-5722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"Bergstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8318-0486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Tivesten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 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