{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:57:48Z","timestamp":1790870268145,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most common endocrine comorbidity in autoimmune Addison disease (AAD), but detailed investigations of prevalence and clinical course are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This work aimed to provide comprehensive epidemiological and clinical data on autoimmune thyroid disorders in AAD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A nationwide registry-based study including 442 patients with AAD and autoimmune thyroid disease were identified through the Norwegian National Registry of Autoimmune Diseases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of 912 registered AAD patients, 442 (48%) were diagnosed with autoimmune thyroid disease. A total of 380 (42%) had autoimmune hypothyroidism. Of the 203 with available thyroid function tests at time of diagnosis, 20% had overt hypothyroidism, 73% had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 7% had thyroid levels in the normal range. Negative thyroid peroxidase antibodies was found in 32%. Ninety-eight percent were treated with levothyroxine, 5% with combination therapy with liothyronine or thyroid extracts, and 1% were observed without treatment. Seventy-eight patients (9%) were diagnosed with Graves disease (GD), of whom 16 (21%) were diagnosed with autoimmune hypothyroidism either before onset or after remission of GD. At the end of follow-up, 33% had normal thyroid hormone levels without antithyroid-drugs or levothyroxine treatment. The remaining had either active disease (5%), had undergone ablative treatment (41%), or had developed autoimmune hypothyroidism (21%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The true prevalence of hypothyroidism in AAD is lower than reported in the current literature. Careful consideration of the indication to start thyroxin therapy is warranted. Long-term remission rates in GD patients with AAD are comparable to recent reports on long-term follow-up of patients without AAD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T18:10:31Z","timestamp":1646071831000},"page":"e2331-e2338","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Autoimmune Addison Disease"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4496-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann-Elin","family":"Meling Stokland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grethe","family":"Ueland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, 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