{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:44:23Z","timestamp":1791945863692,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK076648"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK076648"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UH3OD023248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3OD023248"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01ES022934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01ES022934"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00ES028711"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00ES028711"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR003167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR003167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of fetal exposure to cannabis on adiposity and glucose-insulin traits in early life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We leveraged a subsample of 103 mother-child pairs from Healthy Start, an ethnically diverse Colorado-based cohort. Twelve cannabinoids\/metabolites of cannabis (including \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol) were measured in maternal urine collected at ~27 weeks\u2019 gestation. Fetal exposure to cannabis was dichotomized as exposed (any cannabinoid\u2005&amp;gt;\u2005limit of detection [LOD]) and not exposed (all cannabinoids &amp;lt; LOD). Fat mass and fat-free mass were measured via air displacement plethysmography at follow-up (mean age: 4.7 years). Glucose and insulin were obtained after an overnight fast. Generalized linear models estimated the associations between fetal exposure to cannabis with adiposity measures (fat mass [kg], fat-free mass [kg], adiposity [fat mass percentage], body mass index [BMI], and BMI z-scores) and metabolic measures (glucose [mg\/dL], insulin [uIU\/mL], and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately 15% of the women had detectable levels of any cannabinoid, indicating fetal exposure to cannabis. Exposed offspring had higher fat mass (1.0 kg; 95% CI, 0.3-1.7), fat-free mass (1.2 kg; 95% CI, 0.4-2.0), adiposity (2.6%; 95% CI, 0.1-5.2), and fasting glucose (5.6 mg\/dL; 95% CI, 0.8-10.3) compared with nonexposed offspring. No associations were found with fasting insulin (in the fully adjusted model), HOMA-IR, BMI, or BMI z-scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We provide novel evidence to suggest an association between fetal exposure to cannabis with increased adiposity and fasting glucose in childhood, a finding that should be validated in other cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T16:29:30Z","timestamp":1648744170000},"page":"e2862-e2869","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Fetal Exposure to Cannabis and Childhood Metabolic Outcomes: The Healthy Start Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1084-3349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brianna F","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental 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