{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:53:49Z","timestamp":1788245629409,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KL2 TR001870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KL2 TR001870"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AR073015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AR073015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DK007418"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DK007418"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a process by which bone forms abnormally in soft tissues. Known risk factors for developing HO include male sex, spinal cord injury, trauma, and surgery. We investigated additional risk factors in the development of HO after hip arthroplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective review of electronic medical records of 4070 individuals who underwent hip arthroplasty from September 2010 to October 2019 at the University of California, San Francisco Hospital. Demographics, anthropometrics, medications, and comorbid conditions were used in logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with the development of HO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2541 patients underwent primary hip arthroplasty in the analyzed timeframe (46.04% men, mean age at procedure: 62.13\u2005\u00b1\u200513.29 years). The incidence of postsurgical HO was 3% (n\u2005=\u200580). A larger proportion of individuals who developed HO had underlying osteoporosis (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001), vitamin D deficiency (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001), spine disease (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001), type 1 or 2 diabetes (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001), amenorrhea (P\u2005=\u20050.037), postmenopausal status (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.001), parathyroid disorders (P\u2005=\u20050.011), and history of pathologic fracture (P\u2005=\u20050.005). Significant predictors for HO development were Black\/African American race [odds ratio (OR) 2.97, P\u2005=\u20050.005], preexisting osteoporosis (OR 2.72, P\u2005=\u20050.001), spine disease (OR 2.04, P\u2005=\u20050.036), and low estrogen states (OR 1.99, P\u2005=\u20050.025). In the overall group, 75.64% received perioperative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which negatively correlated with HO formation (OR 0.39, P\u2005=\u20050.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified new factors potentially associated with an increased risk of developing HO after primary hip arthroplasty, including African American race, osteoporosis, and low estrogen states. These patients may benefit from HO prophylaxis, such as perioperative NSAIDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T02:01:36Z","timestamp":1650592896000},"page":"e3944-e3952","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Identification of Risk Factors in the Development of Heterotopic Ossification After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Sukhmani","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saam","family":"Morshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Motamedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kidane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8924-106X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward C","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, CA , USA"},{"name":"The Institute for Human Genetics, The Program in Craniofacial Biology, and the Robert L. 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