{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:00:59Z","timestamp":1791489659864,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome, usually caused by small, benign, and slow-growing phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. Clinically, TIO is characterized by renal phosphate leak, causing hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. This review was performed to assess the clinical characteristics of TIO patients described worldwide so far.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Acquisition<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On June 26, 2021, a systematic search was performed in Medline, Google Scholar, Google book, and Cochrane Library using the terms: \u201ctumor induced osteomalacia,\u201d \u201concogenic osteomalacia,\u201d \u201chypophosphatemia.\u201d There were no language restrictions. This review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 1725 TIO cases were collected. TIO was more frequent in adult men, who showed a higher incidence of fractures compared with TIO women. The TIO-causing neoplasms were identified in 1493 patients. The somatostatin receptor-based imaging modalities have the highest sensitivity for the identification of TIO-causing neoplasms. TIO-causing neoplasms were equally located in bone and soft tissues; the latter showed a higher prevalence of fractures and deformities. The surgery is the preferred TIO definitive treatment (successful in\u2005&amp;gt;\u200590% of patients). Promising nonsurgical therapies are treatments with burosumab in TIO patients with elevated fibroblast growth factor-23 levels, and with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs in patients with TIO-causing neoplasm identified by somatostatin receptor-based imaging techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TIO occurs preferentially in adult men. The TIO clinical expressiveness is more severe in men as well as in patients with TIO-causing neoplasms located in soft tissues. Treatments with burosumab and with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs are the most promising nonsurgical therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T14:11:25Z","timestamp":1650895885000},"page":"e3428-e3436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Tumor-induced Osteomalacia: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient\u2019s Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0331-0392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Rendina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University , Naples 80131 , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Abate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University , 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