{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:19Z","timestamp":1787021239856,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)\/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) ratio has various potential applications in growth hormone-related disorders. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio, independently and in combination with serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3, in the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children with short stature (SS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 7-year cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 235 children with SS. Participants with known disorders that may affect IGF-1 other than GHD were excluded. Participants were classified into GHD (n = 64) and non-GHD (n = 171) groups. GHD was defined as a slow growth rate (&amp;lt;25th percentile over 1 year) and suboptimal growth hormone (GH) response to 2 GH stimulation tests (peak GH &amp;lt; 6.25 ng\/mL using the DiaSorin Liaison assay). The sensitivity and specificity of serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 molar ratio, independently and in various combinations, were determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GHD was diagnosed in 27.2% of participants. Among all studied variables, a low serum IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest sensitivity for GHD (87.5%), with a comparable specificity (83.0%). The combination of low serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest specificity for GHD (97.7%), whereas the combination of normal serum IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio demonstrated the greatest specificity for a non-GHD cause of SS (100.0%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that the serum IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio is a useful marker for the diagnosis of GHD in children who do not have other disorders that may affect serum IGF-1 levels. Further large studies are needed to confirm the diagnostic utility of the serum IGF-1\/IGFBP-3 ratio.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T14:58:58Z","timestamp":1666018738000},"page":"986-994","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Serum IGF-1 to IGFBP-3 Molar Ratio: A Promising Diagnostic Tool for Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Laith M","family":"Haj-Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Jordan School of Medicine , Amman 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhannad M","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Jordan School of Medicine , Amman 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabil W G","family":"Sweis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Jordan School of Medicine , Amman 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isam","family":"Bsisu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The University of Jordan School of Medicine , Amman 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad M","family":"Alghrabli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital , Amman 11942 , Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa M","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Jordan School of Medicine , Amman 11942 , 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