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Main outcomes were incidence of CVD, including CVD mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and stroke.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Over a median 11.6 years of follow-up, UK Biobank documented 35 803 incident CVD cases, including 4231 from CVD-related death, 27 051 from CHD, 10 014 from MI, 7661 from HF, and 6802 from stroke. Dose-response analysis showed a U-shaped relationship between IGF-1 levels and cardiovascular events. Compared with the third quintile of IGF-1, the lowest category of IGF-1 was associated with increased risk of CVD (hazard ratio 1.128; 95% CI, 1.093 to 1.164), CVD mortality (1.294; 1.181 to 1.418), CHD (1.118; 1.078 to 1.159), MI (1.071; 1.008 to 1.139), HF (1.185; 1.107 to 1.268), and stroke (1.149, 1.070 to 1.235); also, the highest category was associated with increased risk of CVD (1.056; 1.020 to 1.094), CVD mortality (1.111; 1.000 to 1.236), CHD (1.070; 1.028 to 1.114), MI (1.111; 1.041 to 1.187) and HF (1.098; 1.015 to 1.188) after multivariable adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study indicates that both low and high levels of circulating IGF-1 are associated with increased risk of CVD in general population. These results highlight the importance of monitoring IGF-1 status on cardiovascular health.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]],"date-time":"2023-02-22T08:19:34Z","timestamp":1677053974000},"page":"e850-e860","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Results From the UK Biobank Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Jiayang","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , 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