{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:09:19Z","timestamp":1783944559327,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding","award":["2022-PUMCH-B-015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-PUMCH-B-015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n Type B insulin resistance syndrome (TBIRS) is a rare condition, for which effective treatment remains challenging.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This work aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of TBIRS and explore effective therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The clinical manifestations, biochemical indices, and treatment of 8 patients (3 men and 5 women) with TBIRS from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed and their clinical outcomes were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The average age of the patients was 49.5 \u00b1 16.5 years, and the duration of the disease ranged from 2 months to 1 year. Seven patients with hyperglycemia had normal\/lower triglycerides (TGs) and lower insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels. One patient complained of intractable hypoglycemia. Five patients had accompanied systemic lupus erythematosus, 2 had mixed connective tissue disease, and 1 had undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Five patients had acanthosis nigricans and 3 women of child-bearing age had hyperandrogenism. All 8 patients were treated with glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressants, among whom, 5 received high-dose glucocorticoid pulse therapy followed by conventional-dose glucocorticoid therapy, all of whom achieved partial remission within 2 to 4 weeks. Among the 3 patients receiving conventional glucocorticoid therapy, 2 achieved partial remission within 2 to 4 weeks. Six patients were tracked for 10 weeks to 4 years; 4 and 2 achieved complete and partial remission, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Decreased serum complement 3 and IGF-1 levels and normal\/decreased TG levels act as striking biochemical features of TBIRS. High-dose glucocorticoid pulse therapy followed by conventional-dose long-term therapy combined with immunosuppressants achieves good clinical efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T12:37:08Z","timestamp":1690979828000},"page":"e175-e181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical Features and Outcome Analysis of Type B Insulin Resistance Syndrome: A Single-Center Study in China"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3782-5335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linlin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3332-1287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lv","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Benxi Central Hospital , Benxi City, 117000, Liaoning Province , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2985-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongbo","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huabing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7500-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxiu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China , Beijing, 100730 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2023122122202959400_dgad461-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200203000-00001","article-title":"Clinical course of the syndrome of autoantibodies to the insulin receptor (type B insulin resistance): a 28-year perspective","volume":"81","author":"Arioglu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medicine 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