{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:25:57Z","timestamp":1792808757674,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010677","name":"Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004381","name":"Western","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Graves disease (GD) is a leading cause of hyperthyroidism. Detailed investigations and predictors of long-term outcomes are missing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work aimed to investigate the outcomes in GD 25 years after initiating antithyroid drug treatment, including disease course, clinical and biochemical predictors of relapse, and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective follow-up was conducted of GD patients that participated in a randomized trial from 1997 to 2001. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires. Biobank samples were analyzed for inflammatory biomarkers and compared with age- and sex-matched healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 83% (182\/218) of the patients from the original study. At the end of follow-up, normal thyroid function was achieved in 34%. The remaining had either active disease (1%), spontaneous hypothyroidism (13%), or had undergone ablative treatment with radioiodine (40%) or thyroidectomy (13%). Age younger than or equal to 40 years, thyroid eye disease (TED), smoking, and elevated levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (TNFRS9) increased the risk of relapsing disease (odds ratio 3.22; 2.26; 2.21; 1.99; 2.36). At the end of treatment, CD40 was lower in patients who maintained normal thyroid function (P = .04). At the end of follow-up, 47% had one or more autoimmune diseases, including vitamin B12 deficiency (26%) and rheumatoid arthritis (5%). GD patients who developed hypothyroidism had reduced quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Careful lifelong monitoring is indicated to detect recurrence, hypothyroidism, and other autoimmune diseases. Long-term ATD treatment emerges as a beneficial first-line treatment option, especially in patients with young age at onset or presence of TED.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T01:07:29Z","timestamp":1695258449000},"page":"827-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Outcomes of Patients With Graves Disease 25 Years After Initiating Antithyroid Drug Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4496-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann-Elin","family":"Meling Stokland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Stavanger University Hospital , 4011 Stavanger , Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen , 5021 Bergen , 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