{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T19:00:00Z","timestamp":1776884400117,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000725","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107-2314-B-002-265-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107-2314-B-002-265-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000725","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112-2628-B-002 029-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112-2628-B-002 029-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000725","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112-2314-B-002-277-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112-2314-B-002-277-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diastolic dysfunction and alterations in cardiac geometry are early indicators of diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the association between cardiac changes across the glucose continuum and the contribution of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) to these changes has not yet been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, we aimed to investigate the EAT on cardiac diastolic function and structural alterations along the diabetic continuum using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We enrolled individuals who were categorized into groups based on glucose tolerance status. Left ventricular structure and diastolic function were assessed using echocardiography and CMRI to determine the EAT, intramyocardial fat, and associated parameters. Multivariable logistic regression models were also used.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a study of 370 patients (209 normal glucose tolerance, 82 prediabetes, 79 diabetes), those with prediabetes and diabetes showed increased heart dimensions and diastolic dysfunction, including the ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity (7.9 \u00b1 0.51 vs 8.5 \u00b1 0.64 vs 10.0 \u00b1 0.93, P = .010), left atrial volume index (28.21 \u00b1 14.7 vs 33.2 \u00b1 12.8 vs 37.4 \u00b1 8.2 mL\/m2, P &amp;lt; .001), and left ventricular peak filling rate (4.46 \u00b1 1.75 vs 3.61 \u00b1 1.55 vs 3.20 \u00b1 1.30 mL\/s, P &amp;lt; .001). EAT significantly increased in prediabetes and diabetes (26.3 \u00b1 1.16 vs 31.3 \u00b1 1.83 vs 33.9 \u00b1 1.9 gm, P = .001), while intramyocardial fat did not differ significantly. Prediabetes altered heart geometry but not diastolic function (odds ratio [OR] 1.22 [1.02-1.83], P = .012; and 1.70 [0.79-3.68], P = .135). Diabetes significantly affected both heart structure and diastolic function (OR 1.42 [1.11-1.97], P = .032; and 2.56 [1.03-5.40], P = .034) after adjusting for covariates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Elevated EAT was observed in patients with prediabetes and is associated with adverse alterations in cardiac structure and diastolic function, potentially serving as an underlying mechanism for the early onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T22:46:42Z","timestamp":1718146002000},"page":"1478-1487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Geometry Alteration and Diastolic Dysfunction in Prediabetic Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6743-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Chi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Jinshan Branch , New Taipei City 20844 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuan-Chih","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch , Hsinchu 300195 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8810-5127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Tse","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University , Taipei 100233 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3790-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jen-Kuang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University , Taipei 100233 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mao-Yuan M","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyh-Ming Jimmy","family":"Juang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University , Taipei 100233 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Heart Failure Center, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3867-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cho-Kai","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University , Taipei 100233 ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lian-Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital , Taipei 100225 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine National Taiwan University , Taipei 100233 ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Master's Program in Smart Medicine and Health 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