{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T23:17:07Z","timestamp":1778887027161,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"Intramural Research Programs of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n Hypogonadism may be caused by Cushing syndrome (CS) and may intensify its adverse consequences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This work aimed to determine the frequency of male hypogonadism before and after curative surgery for CS, and its cause.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Post hoc analyses of prospective cohort studies were conducted at a clinical research center. Study participants were men with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent CS: cohort 1 (C1) (n = 8, age 32.5 \u00b1 12 years; studied 1985-1989) and cohort 2 (C2) (n = 44, 42.7 \u00b1 15.1 years; studied 1989-2021). Interventions included the following: C1: every 20-minute blood sampling for 24 hours before and 1 to 40 months after surgical cure. Three individuals underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation tests pre and post surgery. C2: Hormone measurements at baseline and 6 and 12 months (M) post cure. Main outcome measures included the following: C1: LH, FSH, LH pulse frequency, and LH response to GnRH. C2: LH, FSH, testosterone (T), free T, free thyroxine, 3,5,3\u2032-triiodothyronine, thyrotropin, and urine free cortisol (UFC) levels and frequency of hypogonadism pre and post surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n C1: mean LH and LH pulse frequency increased after surgery (P &lt; .05) without changes in LH pulse amplitude, mean FSH, or peak gonadotropin response to GnRH. C2: 82% had baseline hypogonadism (total T 205 \u00b1 28 ng\/dL). Thyroid hormone levels varied inversely with UFC and cortisol. LH, total and free T, and sex hormone-binding globulin increased at 6 and 12 M post surgery, but hypogonadism persisted in 51% at 6 M and in 26% at 12 M.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Hypogonadism in men with CS is widely prevalent but reversible in approximately 75% of patients 1 year after surgical cure and appears to be mediated through suppression of hypothalamic GnRH secretion, and modulated by thyroid hormones.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T20:27:49Z","timestamp":1721161669000},"page":"471-479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Longitudinal Evaluation of Reproductive Endocrine Function in Men With ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9287-6664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Skand","family":"Shekhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Physiology and Pathophysiology Group, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health , Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raven N","family":"McGlotten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Translational Endocrinology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Gordon B","family":"Cutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Developmental Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew J","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Duke University School of Medicine , Durham, NC 27710 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl F","family":"Pieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC 27710 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0534-8025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lynnette K","family":"Nieman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Translational Endocrinology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892 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