{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:02:17Z","timestamp":1789628537060,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypophysitis is defined as an inflammation of the pituitary gland and\/or infundibulum.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our aim was to characterize the initial course and evolution of patients with hypophysitis according to the different etiologies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective observational study conducted in a university referral hospital center. Patients over 15 years of age were included if they had a diagnosis of hypophysitis between January 2014 and October 2023, with the exclusion of hypophysitis secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sixty-one patients (64% women; median age, 34 years) were included. Polyuria\u2013polydipsia, headache, and asthenia were present in 64%, 48%, and 44% of cases respectively. At diagnosis, at least 1 anterior pituitary deficiency was present in 91.5% of cases and vasopressin deficiency in 56%. Magnetic resonance imaging was abnormal in 97% of cases. Secondary hypophysitis was found in 46% of cases (n = 28), including sarcoidosis in 28% (n = 17) and L (Langerhans) group histiocytoses in 13.1% (n = 8). Among patients with secondary hypophysitis, pituitary deficiency preceded systemic manifestations in 23% and occurred concomitantly in 23% of cases. Patients were treated in 36% of cases (glucocorticoids, surgery), without improvement of pituitary hormone deficits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A systemic etiology of hypophysitis was found in almost half of the patients. Pituitary disorders preceded the systemic disease in a quarter of the cases. This emphasizes the importance of a systematic repeated workup looking for a secondary etiology of hypophysitis in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T15:23:47Z","timestamp":1727105027000},"page":"e1767-e1775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Deciphering the Presentation and Etiologies of Hypophysitis Highlights the Need for Repeated Systematical Investigation"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Lea","family":"Miquel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne et d'Immunologie Clinique, H\u00f4pital de La Conception, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Testud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de radiologie, H\u00f4pital de la Conception, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6995-2590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederique","family":"Albarel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marmara Institute, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), H\u00f4pital de la Conception, CRMR HYPO , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Sahakian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marmara Institute, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), H\u00f4pital de la Conception, CRMR HYPO , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8440-0030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Cuny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marmara Institute, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), H\u00f4pital de la Conception, CRMR HYPO , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Graillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de neurochirurgie, H\u00f4pital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Brue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, MMG, INSERM U1251, Marmara Institute, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), H\u00f4pital de la Conception, CRMR HYPO , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de neurochirurgie, H\u00f4pital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Schleinitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de m\u00e9decine interne, H\u00f4pital de la Timone, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Kaplanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Interne et d'Immunologie Clinique, H\u00f4pital de La Conception, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) , 13005 Marseille 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