{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:07:44Z","timestamp":1792188464317,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021671","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autoimmune disease is common in women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), and the genetic etiology of autoimmune disease suggests that it could be hereditary in families of women with POI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We hypothesized that a subset of women with POI and their family members would have an increased risk for autoimmune disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-based study using electronic health records from 1995 to 2022.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two major Utah healthcare systems serving 85% of the state.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women with POI (n = 610) were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes and charts were reviewed for accuracy. First-, second-, and third-degree relatives were identified using genealogy data in the Utah Population Database.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autoimmune diagnoses were identified using ICD codes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The relative risk of autoimmune disease in women with POI and relatives was estimated by comparison to population rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At least 1 autoimmune disease was identified in 25% of women with POI. The relative risk of autoimmune hypothyroidism (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 6.88 [5.71, 8.22]; P &amp;lt; .001), adrenal insufficiency (4.72 [1.73, 10.28]; P = .0020), type 1 diabetes (4.13 [2.14, 7.22]; P = 5.25X10\u22125), rheumatoid arthritis (5.66 [3.10, 9.50]; P = 3.70X10\u22127), vitiligo (15.33 [6.16, 31.58]; P = 5.25X10\u22127), celiac disease (7.58 [3.47, 14.39]; P = 4.47X10\u22126), psoriasis (3.90 [2.01, 6.81]; P = 9.04X10\u22125) and systemic lupus erythematosus (4.43 [1.63, 9.64]; P = .0027) were increased in women with POI compared to population rates. There was no increased risk of autoimmune disease in family members.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data confirm increased autoimmune disease in women with POI. The increased risk is largely related to autoimmune polyglandular syndrome types 1 through 4 and autoimmune hypothyroidism. The absence of risk in family members may result from differences in environmental influences or hormone milieu.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T11:24:40Z","timestamp":1732793080000},"page":"e2614-e2620","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Autoimmune Disease is Increased in Women With Primary Ovarian Insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, UT 84112 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica A","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , 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