{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T12:38:03Z","timestamp":1771591083925,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"German National Cohort"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ER1301A\/B\/C, 01ER1511D, 01ER1801A\/B\/C\/D and 01ER2301A\/B\/C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ER1301A\/B\/C, 01ER1511D, 01ER1801A\/B\/C\/D and 01ER2301A\/B\/C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016117","name":"Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016117","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005971","name":"Kaltenbach Scholarship of the German Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005971","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Magnesium deficiency may contribute to subclinical cardiac changes, particularly metabolic diastolic cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the association between magnesium depletion, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived cardiac alterations in a population-based sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We cross-sectionally analyzed participants (N = 9568) from the baseline examination of the German National Cohort who underwent whole-body MRI. Associations of serum magnesium and magnesium depletion score (MDS) with MetS and cardiac alterations were assessed using multivariable logistic and linear regression, respectively. Two-sample Mendelian Randomization was performed to evaluate the potential causal relationship between serum magnesium and MRI-derived cardiac parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our analysis revealed no correlation between serum magnesium and MDS (Spearman's rho = 0.065; P &amp;lt; .001). A 1-SD increase in serum magnesium was associated with lower MetS prevalence (odds ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.88-0.99]) and reduced left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic volumes. Higher MDS, indicating magnesium deficiency, was linked to increased MetS prevalence (OR per 1 unit, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.23-1.41]) and its individual components. Furthermore, higher MDS was associated with increased left ventricular remodeling index (estimate, 0.012\u2005g\/mL [95% CI, 0.008-0.017]) and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic volume (estimate, \u22121.132\u2005mL\/m2 [95% CI, \u22121.538 to \u22120.727]), indicating concentric hypertrophy. Two-sample Mendelian Randomization suggested no causal relationship between serum magnesium and MRI-derived cardiac markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Magnesium depletion may serve as an early indicator of cardiac impairment. However, Mendelian Randomization results do not support a causal role of serum magnesium on cardiac structure and morphology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T11:53:42Z","timestamp":1755690822000},"page":"787-799","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Magnesium Depletion, Metabolic Impairment, and Cardiac Alterations: The NAKO-MRI Study With Mendelian Randomization"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1499-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuha","family":"Shugaa Addin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Munich , 85764 Neuherberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t (LMU) , 81377 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Pettenkofer School of Public Health, LMU Munich , 81377 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9675-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Schuppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , 79106 Freiburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M","family":"Full","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University , 69120 Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Division of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , 69120 Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center , 69120 Heidelberg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"D\u00f6rr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP\/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald , 17489 Greifswald ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald , 17475 Greifswald ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Keil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmeditzin Berlin , 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of W\u00fcrzburg , 97070 W\u00fcrzburg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"State Institute of Health I, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority , 91058 Erlangen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricarda","family":"von Kr\u00fcchten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , 79106 Freiburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix G","family":"Meinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre Rostock , 18057 Rostock ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7584-6527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thoralf","family":"Niendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association , 13125 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Pischon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbr\u00fcck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association , 13125 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00f6rge","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen , 45147 Essen 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,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7003-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"V\u00f6lzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP\/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald , 17489 Greifswald ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan N","family":"Willich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmeditzin Berlin , 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7460-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Bamberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg , 79106 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