{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:47:01Z","timestamp":1787021221686,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Rigshospitalet, Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Candys Foundation, and The Innovation Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RANKL has been suggested as a novel regulator of male reproduction, and a recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed that the RANKL-inhibitor denosumab, normally used to treat osteoporosis, can improve semen quality in infertile men with high anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH) and small testicles. Therefore, this RCT aimed to investigate the effect of denosumab in men with severe oligospermia prospectively selected by serum AMH and testicular size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center RCT, including 42 men with oligospermia with the main endpoint of improving sperm concentration. The groups were randomized 2:1 to receive either a single subcutaneous injection of denosumab 60\u2005mg (n = 28) or a placebo treatment (n = 14) for 80 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-nine men completed the study, with 26 assigned to the denosumab group and 13 to the placebo group. No differences in sperm concentration or total sperm count were found at day 80 between those treated with denosumab or placebo. Additionally, there were no differences in serum testosterone, LH, FSH, inhibin B, or AMH. Men treated with denosumab or placebo experienced an increase in both sperm concentration and total sperm count but not serum inhibin B from baseline to day 80.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This RCT showed that denosumab did not improve sperm concentration or alter reproductive hormones compared to placebo. Denosumab is not superior to the vitamin D- and calcium-supplemented men in the placebo group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T11:22:13Z","timestamp":1756120933000},"page":"e877-e884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Denosumab on Sperm Concentration in Men With Severe Oligospermia: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Sam Kafai","family":"Yahyavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , 2730 Herlev ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Rigshospitalet , 2100 Copenhagen 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