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Genetic instruments for IGF-1 were derived from a UK Biobank genome-wide association study (GWAS), and their effects on adult height were identified in the GIANT Consortium GWAS, excluding UK Biobank (Non-Hispanic White: N = 1 176 465; African descent: N = 168 191; South Asian: N = 49 032; East Asian: N = 361 369; Hispanic: N = 58 709). Using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), we investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between measured IGF-1 levels at ages 7 to 11 years or a genetic risk score (GRS) for IGF-1, with repeated height measurements at ages 7 to 17 years, adjusting for sex, body mass index (BMI), and pubertal stage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inverse-variance weighted MR showed that a 1 SD increase in IGF-1 confers 0.09 SD taller adult height, which persisted after adjusting for childhood BMI. In ALSPAC, both measured IGF-1 levels at ages 7 to 8 years and IGF-1 GRS were positively associated with height at ages 7 to 17 years at both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that IGF-1 normal variation has small effects on height in childhood and on final adult height.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T11:52:50Z","timestamp":1758973970000},"page":"e651-e658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association of IGF-1 Levels With Height From Childhood to Adulthood: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"De La Barrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research 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