{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:10:43Z","timestamp":1792080643609,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["210755\/Z\/18\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["210755\/Z\/18\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018956","name":"NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR203312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council Funding","award":["MRC_MU_UU_00014\/40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRC_MU_UU_00014\/40"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n The treatment of resistance to thyroid hormone \u03b2 (RTH\u03b2) is challenging because features of hyperthyroidism in some tissues coexist with a hormone-resistant, hypothyroid state in other organs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To determine whether triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) therapy alleviates hyperthyroid symptoms and changes circulating thyroid hormones, resting energy expenditure and metabolic parameters in RTH\u03b2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n Referral center.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n Eight adult patients with RTH\u03b2 (mean age 41\u2005years; 4 males, 4 females).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n Hyperthyroid Symptom Scale (HSS) score, serum free T4 and total T3, resting energy expenditure, sleeping heart rate, fasting lipids, and glucose and systemic insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n From abnormally elevated levels prior to treatment, TRIAC therapy lowered HSS scores (baseline 17.5 vs posttreatment 6; P = .0014), showed a reduced resting energy expenditure trend (baseline Z-score +1.3 vs posttreatment +0.89; P = .38) and normalized circulating free T4 (baseline free T4 30\u2005pmol\/L vs posttreatment 17\u2005pmol\/L; P = .007) and total T3 (baseline 2.5\u2005nmol\/L vs posttreatment 1.4\u2005nmol\/L; P = .001) concentrations in 7 out of 8 patients, without any rise in their serum TSH (baseline 2.1\u2005mU\/L vs posttreatment 1.7 mU\/L; P = .65), total cholesterol (baseline 4.9\u2005mmol\/L vs posttreatment 4.8\u2005mmol\/L; P = .81), and triglyceride (baseline 1.3\u2005mmol\/L vs post-treatment 1.3\u2005mmol\/L; P = .44). Their mean sleeping heart rate (baseline 60 bpm vs posttreatment 58 bpm; P = .56) and plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (baseline 55\u2005ng\/L vs posttreatment 54\u2005ng\/L) were unchanged. TRIAC treatment was well tolerated, with no side effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n TRIAC therapy in RTH\u03b2 relieves hyperthyroid symptoms and lowers resting energy expenditure and circulating thyroid hormones without worsening hepatic hormone resistance or exacerbating cardiac thyromimetic activity. Future clinical trials to determine whether TRIAC treatment alters adverse cardiovascular outcomes in this disorder are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T11:48:27Z","timestamp":1761133707000},"page":"980-987","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["TRIAC Therapy Relieves Hyperthyroid Symptoms, Lowering T4, T3, and Metabolic Rate in Resistance to Thyroid Hormone \u03b2"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7318-7166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Moran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Section, Beacon Hospital , Dublin D18 AK68 ,","place":["Ireland"]},{"name":"Endocrinology Department, St. Vincent's University Hospital , Dublin D04 T6F4 ,","place":["Ireland"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, University College , Dublin D04 V1W8 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0994-3991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Martin-Grace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Section, Beacon Hospital , Dublin D18 AK68 ,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2120-3531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Area, NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Sciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Oddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Sciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Halsall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Blood Sciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2654-8854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishna","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2026031619565725500_dgaf583-B1","first-page":"348","article-title":"The syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone","volume":"14","author":"Refetoff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026031619565725500_dgaf583-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115225","article-title":"Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome. 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