{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:57:13Z","timestamp":1793159833426,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021671","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08CA248972"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08CA248972"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Context<\/jats:title>\n Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely prescribed for type 2 diabetes and obesity and can lead to substantial weight loss. In patients taking levothyroxine, weight loss can reduce thyroid hormone requirements and potentially associated adverse effects. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) monitoring is essential but unclear whether thyroid function is routinely reassessed after GLP-1 RAs initiation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Examine the changes in the timing of TSH testing after GLP-1 RAs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective cohort study emulating a target trial using Medicare from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020. The primary analysis followed an intention-to-treat approach. Patients were matched 1:1 using propensity scores. Logistic regression models and informed by least absolute shrinkage operator variable selection were used.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n The 15% sample of U.S. Medicare fee-for-service claims data.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients or Other Participants<\/jats:title>\n Adults aged \u226565 years with type 2 diabetes on a stable levothyroxine dose at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Intervention(s)<\/jats:title>\n Initiation of GLP-1 RAs vs initiation\/ongoing use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n TSH testing during follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Among 5370 matched patients, the mean age was 73.2 years. 71.6% were women, and 87.1% were White. Approximately 83.0% of patients in both treatment groups receive a TSH testing within a 1-year follow-up. The mean time to TSH testing was approximately 130.5 days for both groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n TSH testing patterns did not differ between GLP-1 RAs and SGLT-2is, despite the greater likelihood of requiring levothyroxine dose adjustment associated with weight loss seen with GLP-1 RA therapy. Given levothyroxine's widespread use, this gap suggests missed opportunities for timely and weight-responsive thyroid monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:50:05Z","timestamp":1774529405000},"page":"2536-2547","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Patterns of TSH test after GLP-1 RAs initiation in patients on levothyroxine: a trial emulation study"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5474-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yishan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611, 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