{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:45:36Z","timestamp":1792111536961,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity is a chronic relapsing disease associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Contemporary obesity pharmacotherapies extend beyond weight reduction, with evidence for improvements across multiple obesity-related complications, supporting a shift toward phenotype-guided, complication-centric care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Acquisition<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search of the Medline database using MeSH terms and keywords related to new-generation obesity pharmacotherapy was conducted to identify articles published between 2021 and 2026. Reference lists of relevant reviews were screened to identify additional eligible studies. Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials evaluating emerging obesity pharmacotherapies in adults and reporting outcomes, including weight loss and obesity-related complications, were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Entero-pancreatic hormone-based therapies targeting glucagon-Like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, amylin, and glucagon pathways demonstrate substantial efficacy beyond weight reduction. These hormones act through complementary mechanisms regulating appetite, energy balance, and metabolic homeostasis. GLP-1 based agents achieve approximately 10-15% weight loss, whereas agents targeting multiple pathways demonstrate greater efficacy. Tirzepatide, CagriSema, and amycretin achieved weight reductions exceeding 20% and the triple agonist retatrutide produced reductions exceeding 25%. Beyond weight loss, these agents improve glycemia, support diabetes prevention, and produce organ-specific benefits, including reduced cardiovascular events, improved heart failure symptoms, decreased obstructive sleep apnea severity, improvement of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, slowing chronic kidney disease progression, and reduced osteoarthritis-related pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Next-generation obesity pharmacotherapies represent a major advance in obesity management and support a treat-to-target approach prioritizing improvement in obesity-related complications and metabolic health. Effective implementation will require individualized therapy and attention to long-term safety, access, and equitable delivery of care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T11:51:54Z","timestamp":1783770714000},"page":"e2327-e2346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medical treatments for obesity: what does the future have in store?"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7841-3986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya","family":"Bassatne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , Boston, MA 02118 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3933-9461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivania","family":"Rizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , Boston, MA 02118 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101520031617700_dgag274-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc\/159281","volume-title":"Obesity and Severe Obesity Prevalence in Adults: United States, August 2021\u2013August 2023. 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