{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T06:12:45Z","timestamp":1793167965700,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ebba Celinder's Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006197","name":"A. P. M\u00f8ller Foundation for Advancement of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021773","name":"Wellcome","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220271\/Z\/20\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220271\/Z\/20\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022431","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRC_MC_UU_12012\/3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRC_MC_UU_12012\/3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022431","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002918","name":"Gentofte Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001734","name":"University of Copenhagen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001734","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is a chronic disease caused by a disturbance of the enterohepatic circulation resulting in an abundance of bile acids in the colon, which in turn causes diarrhea. Because bile acids stimulate the secretion of the hormone peptide YY (PYY), we investigated PYY levels in plasma samples from earlier studies enrolling patients with BAD and healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed total PYY in (1) a case-control study comparing individuals with BAD with matched healthy controls during acute administration of the bile acid sequestrant colesevelam and placebo; (2) a randomized controlled trial comparing the treatment effects of colesevelam and the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog liraglutide on bowel movements in individuals with BAD; and (3) a sequestrant study investigating the effect of treatment cessation in patients with BAD. We also investigated the PYY\/GLP-1 ratios along the intestines of healthy individuals based on mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with BAD had higher fasting plasma PYY levels compared with controls but similar postprandial increments in the 2 groups. Symptom-alleviating treatment of BAD with sequestrants or liraglutide resulted in a decline of fasting PYY levels. Fasting PYY levels correlated positively with 7\u03b1-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and plasma total bile acids. Finally, the PYY\/GLP-1 ratio increased along the intestine with the highest ratios observed in the colon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these results suggest a role for PYY as a marker for BAD pathophysiology and warrant further studies into the role of PYY in BAD and other diarrheal diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:54:21Z","timestamp":1784807661000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Circulating levels of peptide YY are increased in individuals with bile acid diarrhea"],"prefix":"10.1210","author":[{"given":"Andreas H","family":"Lange","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin L","family":"K\u00e5rhus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Bannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 0QQ ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Forman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-1353 Copenhagen 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J","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-2200 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-2200 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asger B","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-2200 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Centre Copenhagen , DK-2730 Herlev ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip K","family":"Knop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-2200 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4389-3908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Ellegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2014Herlev and Gentofte , DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , DK-2200 Copenhagen 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