{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:19:21Z","timestamp":1788265161326,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"FAPESP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/26780\u20139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/26780\u20139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100025084","name":"BBM","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100025084","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CNPQ","award":["444825\/2024-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["444825\/2024-0"]}]},{"name":"CNPQ","award":["307571\/2021-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["307571\/2021-1"]}]},{"name":"2023 AACR Maximizing Opportunity for New Advancements in Research in Cancer","award":["23\u201315-01-BATI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23\u201315-01-BATI"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), gonadectomy is increasingly deferred until after puberty, creating a need for imaging-based strategies that distinguish low-risk gonads from those warranting surgical intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To define multiparametric MRI features associated with absence of clinically relevant macroscopic gonadal neoplasia in postpubertal individuals with molecularly confirmed CAIS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated 32 gonads from 16 postpubertal individuals with molecularly confirmed CAIS who underwent preoperative pelvic MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging, followed by bilateral gonadectomy. MRI findings were reviewed by expert radiologists and correlated with gonadal volume and histopathologic assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Macroscopic neoplasia was identified in 3 patients and included seminoma with adjacent germ cell neoplasia in situ, a large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor, and a serous borderline tumor of M\u00fcllerian type. Homogeneous MRI signal and absence of diffusion restriction were each associated with absence of macroscopic neoplasia and yielded a negative predictive value of 100% in this cohort. Gonadal volume also separated benign from neoplastic lesions: all non-neoplastic gonads measured \u226421.9\u2005cm3, whereas all neoplastic lesions measured \u2265116.4\u2005cm3. False-positive diffusion restriction occurred only in small gonads and corresponded histologically to Leydig cell hyperplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In postpubertal CAIS, homogeneous signal, absence of diffusion restriction, and low gonadal volume may identify gonads at low risk for macroscopic neoplasia and support conservative surveillance in selected individuals. Diffusion-weighted imaging on MRI should be interpreted cautiously, particularly in small gonads, where Leydig cell hyperplasia may mimic neoplasia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T11:55:01Z","timestamp":1786190101000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gonadal MRI in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome: pathologic correlation and low-risk features"],"prefix":"10.1210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5461-0301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Loch","family":"Batista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laborat\u00f3rio de Horm\u00f4nios de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular LIM42, Divis\u00e3o de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Sequenciamento em Larga Escala (SELA), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo , S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Unidade de Oncologia End\u00f3crina, Instituto do C\u00e2ncer do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo (ICESP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-000 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filomena Marino","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP) , S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Morbeck Almeida","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP) , S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Perola","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP) , S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Publio Cesar Cavalcanti","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP) , S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel Martinez","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laborat\u00f3rio de Horm\u00f4nios de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular LIM42, Divis\u00e3o de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jimena Chafloque","family":"Mesia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laborat\u00f3rio de Horm\u00f4nios de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular LIM42, Divis\u00e3o de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio Americo","family":"Batatinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laborat\u00f3rio de Horm\u00f4nios de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular LIM42, Divis\u00e3o de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903 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