{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:02:25Z","timestamp":1790863345155,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent evidence suggests the prevalence of autistic adults accessing gender-affirming care, including gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), is high. Although best practice guidelines recognize the impact of autistic traits, guidance to support GAHT adherence as prescribed in these patients is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hence, 2 studies were configured within a state-wide Gender Endocrinology Clinic at an Australian tertiary hospital: Study A, an online survey of autistic transgender and gender diverse (TGD) and nonautistic adults undergoing GAHT; and Study B, a convergent mixed-methods study, that explored autistic TGD adults\u2019 experiences of GAHT adherence. Study A (n = 112), consisted of participants with a formal autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis (n = 35), self-identifying autistic (n = 46), and nonautistic (n = 31) participants. Study B included semi-structured interviews (n = 6) and the Adult\/Adolescent Sensory Profile. Data were analyzed thematically and results triangulated with Adolescent\/Adult Sensory Profile results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results indicated that autistic TGD participants experienced more difficulty adhering to GAHT due to sensory processing differences and executive function challenges. Participants\u2019 sensory, executive function, healthcare, and social experiences while undergoing GAHT were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings highlight that autistic adults accessing gender endocrinology settings may experience greater challenges adhering to GAHT as prescribed. Identified strategies to promote GAHT adherence included reflecting upon previous sensory experiences, establishing a consistent routine, incorporating administration into personal care routines, involving others in appointments, and peer support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:36:33Z","timestamp":1788867393000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transgender and gender diverse autistic adults\u2019 experiences undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy as prescribed"],"prefix":"10.1210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5166-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Louise","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University Peninsula Campus , Frankston, Victoria 3199 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9064-3274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Bourke-Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University Peninsula Campus , Frankston, Victoria 3199 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1756-7241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University Peninsula Campus , Frankston, Victoria 3199 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4275-6995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinghang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health , Clayton, Victoria 3168 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Gender Endocrinology Clinic and Reproductive Biology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8326-7015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Upreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health , Clayton, Victoria 3168 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Gender Endocrinology Clinic and Reproductive Biology Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria 3168 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100109071254400_dgag364-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. 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