{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:16:46Z","timestamp":1789611406245,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P500PM_214220"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P500PM_214220"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-02376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-02376"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Swedish Research Council for Health, Working life and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-00199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-00199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While studies from other settings have shown associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) and GDM, evidence remains limited in high-income, equity-oriented health-care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work aimed to examine the association between SDOH, GDM, and GDM-related complications in Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study used nationwide registry data linked across multiple population-based registries. Participants included 938 798 singleton pregnancies. Exposures included GDM, with effect modification by region of birth, education, and income. Main outcomes included number of pregnancy, obstetric, postpartum, and neonatal complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of GDM increased from 1.5% to 6.6% between 2015 and 2023, with the steepest increases observed among individuals of foreign-born origin, lower education, and lower income. While income did not show evidence of interaction with GDM regarding the number of complications, the associations between GDM and both pregnancy-related and obstetric complications varied across educational attainment groups, with larger relative associations observed among women with lower education (Pinteraction = .029 and .038, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The associations between GDM and several adverse outcomes differed by nativity status. For example, GDM was associated with 71% higher odds of obstetric complications among Swedish-born women (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.68-1.85), whereas the corresponding associations were significantly weaker among women born in Africa (1.34; 1.17-1.52) and the Eastern Mediterranean region (1.44; 1.34-1.56).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>However, absolute risks were not uniformly lower among foreign-born women with GDM. Notably, women born in Africa and South-East Asia had higher absolute risks of obstetric complications compared with Swedish-born without GDM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disparities in GDM prevalence across all 3 SDOH indicators underscore the importance of considering sociodemographic factors in prevention efforts. Variation in GDM-associated risks by educational level and region of birth warrant further investigation to ensure equitable care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgag366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T11:39:00Z","timestamp":1788521940000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Social inequalities in gestational diabetes prevalence and complication burden: a nationwide Swedish cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4015-295X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Kaegi-Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmie","family":"S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m Shields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilda","family":"Ersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rickard","family":"Strandberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Red Door Analytics , 113 69 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Papapanagiotou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Lilliecreutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital , 581 85 Link\u00f6ping ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University , 581 83 Link\u00f6ping ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2273-4430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"L\u00f6f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"2026091610465016500_dgag366-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707943","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"358","author":"Metzger","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026091610465016500_dgag366-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30161-3","article-title":"Gestational diabetes: opportunities for improving maternal and child health","volume":"8","author":"Saravanan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026091610465016500_dgag366-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2477","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042973","article-title":"Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes","volume":"352","author":"Crowther","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026091610465016500_dgag366-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S321","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S015","article-title":"15. 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