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Ghrelin or saline was infused intravenously (1 pmol\/min \u00d7 kg) after collection of baseline sample (0 min), and blood was subsequently collected at time 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Mouse small intestine was perfused (n = 6) and GLP-1 output from perfused mouse small intestine was investigated in response to vascular ghrelin administration in the presence and absence of a simultaneous luminal glucose stimulus. Ghrelin receptor expression was quantified in human (n = 11) and mouse L-cells (n = 3) by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ghrelin did not affect GLP-1 secretion in humans (area under the curve [AUC; 0\u2013120 min]: ghrelin infusion = 1.37 \u00b1 0.05 min \u00d7 nmol vs. saline infusion = 1.40 \u00b1 0.06 min \u00d7 nmol [P = 0.63]), but induced peripheral insulin resistance. Likewise, ghrelin did not stimulate GLP-1 secretion from the perfused mouse small intestine model (mean outputs during baseline\/ghrelin infusion = 19.3 \u00b1 1.6\/25.5 \u00b1 2.0 fmol\/min, n = 6, P = 0.16), whereas glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide administration, used as a positive control, doubled GLP-1 secretion (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Intraluminal glucose increased GLP-1 secretion by 4-fold (P &amp;lt; 0.001), which was not potentiated by ghrelin. Finally, gene expression of the ghrelin receptor was undetectable in mouse L-cells and marginal in human L-cells.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ghrelin does not interact directly with the L-cell and does not directly affect GLP-1 secretion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T10:08:58Z","timestamp":1571047738000},"page":"266-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Ghrelin Does Not Directly Stimulate Secretion of Glucagon-like Peptide-1"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Sara Lind","family":"Jepsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esben Thyssen","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Laboratories Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Larraufie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona Mary","family":"Gribble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Reimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Laboratories and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, University of Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Otto Lunde","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Laboratories Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Juul","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4787-340X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rune Ehrenreich","family":"Kuhre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2021121823055478500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2004.08.001","article-title":"Clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 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