{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:01:41Z","timestamp":1783486901343,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":275,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postpartum thyroiditis is a syndrome of transient or permanent thyroid dysfunction occurring in the first year after delivery and based on an autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid. The prevalence ranges from 5\u20137%. We discuss the role of antibodies (especially thyroid peroxidase antibodies), complement, activated T cells, and apoptosis in the outbreak of postpartum thyroiditis. Postpartum thyroiditis is conceptualized as an acute phase of autoimmune thyroid destruction in the context of an existing and ongoing process of thyroid autosensitization. From pregnancy an enhanced state of immune tolerance ensues. A rebound reaction to this pregnancy-associated immune suppression after delivery explains the aggravation of autoimmune syndromes in the puerperal period, e.g., the occurrence of clinically overt postpartum thyroiditis. Low thyroid reserve due to autoimmune thyroiditis is increasingly recognized as a serious health problem. 1) Thyroid autoimmunity increases the probability of spontaneous fetal loss. 2) Thyroid failure due to autoimmune thyroiditis\u2014often mild and subclinical\u2014can lead to permanent and significant impairment in neuropsychological performance of the offspring. 3) Evidence is emerging that as women age subclinical hypothyroidism\u2014as a sequel of postpartum thyroiditis\u2014predisposes them to cardiovascular disease. Hence, postpartum thyroiditis is no longer considered a mild and transient disorder. Screening is considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.5.0441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,8]],"date-time":"2014-01-08T18:26:27Z","timestamp":1389205587000},"page":"605-630","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Postpartum Thyroiditis and Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Women of Childbearing Age: Recent Insights and Consequences for Antenatal and Postnatal Care"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Alex F.","family":"Muller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunology (A.M., H.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Internal Medicine (A.M.), Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemmo A.","family":"Drexhage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunology (A.M., H.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arie","family":"Berghout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine (A.B.), Medical Center Rijnmond Zuid, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"key":"2020071612142095300_R1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Clinical review 29: postpartum thyroiditis.","volume":"74","author":"Roti","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2020071612142095300_R2","first-page":"167","author":"Amino","year":"1991"},{"key":"2020071612142095300_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1999.9.705","article-title":"Postpartum autoimmune thyroid syndrome: a model of aggravation of autoimmune 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