{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T11:43:34Z","timestamp":1784720614688,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We examined whether estrogen receptor (ER)\u03b1 is required for estrogen to stimulate cancellous bone formation in long bones of male mice. 17\u03b2-Estradiol (E2) was administered to ER\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 male mice or wild-type (WT) littermate controls at 40, 400, or 4000 \u03bcg\/kg by daily sc injection for 28 d and histomorphometric analysis performed at the distal femoral metaphysis. In WT mice, treatment with E2 (40 \u03bcg\/kg\u00b7d) increased the proportion of cancellous bone surfaces undergoing mineralization and stimulated mineral apposition rate. In addition, higher doses of E2 induced the formation of new cancellous bone formation surfaces in WT mice. In contrast, E2 had little effect on any of these parameters in ER\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Immunohistochemistry was subsequently performed using an ER\u03b1-specific C-terminal polyclonal antibody. In WT mice, ER\u03b1 was expressed both by cancellous osteoblasts and a significant proportion of mononuclear bone marrow cells. Immunoreactivity was also observed in cancellous osteoblasts of ER\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice, resulting from expression of the activation function-1-deficient 46-kDa ER\u03b1 isoform previously reported to be expressed in normal osteoblasts and bones of ER\u03b1\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Taken together, our results suggest that estrogen stimulates bone formation in mouse long bones via a mechanism that requires the presence of full-length ER\u03b1 possessing activation function-1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-0074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,15]],"date-time":"2003-04-15T23:43:40Z","timestamp":1050450220000},"page":"1994-1999","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Estrogen Receptor-\u03b1 Dependency of Estrogen\u2019s Stimulatory Action on Cancellous Bone Formation in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Kathleen E.","family":"McDougall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Perry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane 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