{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T20:17:53Z","timestamp":1778703473992,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"The Endocrine Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is much evidence to indicate a role for adipocytokines in insulin resistance and\/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. In experimental models, oral salicylates, through their ability to interfere with the nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) transcription pathway, have been demonstrated to reverse insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NF-\u03baB regulates the release of adipocytokines in human adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Human sc adipose tissue and skeletal muscle (obtained from normal pregnant women) were incubated in the absence (control) or presence of two NF-\u03baB inhibitors sulfasalazine (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mm) and BAY 11-7082 (25, 50, and 100 \u03bcm). After an 18-h incubation, the tissues were collected, and NF-\u03baB p65 DNA-binding activity and I\u03baB kinase (IKK-\u03b2) and insulin receptor-\u03b2 protein expression were assessed by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. The incubation medium was collected, and the release of TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-8, resistin, adiponectin, and leptin was quantified by ELISA. Treatment of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with sulfasalazine and BAY 11-7082 significantly inhibited the release of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-\u03b1; NF-\u03baB p65 DNA-binding activity; and IKK-\u03b2 protein expression (P &amp;lt; 0.05, by Newman-Keuls test). There was no effect of sulfasalazine and BAY 11-7082 on resistin, adiponectin, or leptin release. Both sulfasalazine and BAY 11-7082 increased the adipose tissue and skeletal muscle expression of insulin receptor-\u03b2. The data presented in this study demonstrate that the IKK-\u03b2\/NF-\u03baB transcription pathway is a key regulator of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-\u03b1 release from adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Control of the IKK-\u03b2\/NF-\u03baB pathway may therefore provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for regulating aberrant cytokine release and thereby alleviating insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,25]],"date-time":"2004-11-25T01:34:02Z","timestamp":1101346442000},"page":"1491-1497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Sulfasalazine and BAY 11-7082 Interfere with the Nuclear Factor-\u03baB and I\u03baB Kinase Pathway to Regulate the Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines from Human Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle in Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1210","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Martha","family":"Lappas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirin","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Permezel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory E.","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"80","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2020071614074380200_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.32.s3.4.x","article-title":"Identifying the links between obesity, insulin resistance and \u03b2-cell function: potential role of adipocyte-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Greenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Clin 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